{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T15:46:07Z","timestamp":1773762367719,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Human Kinetics","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We conducted a counterbalanced repeated measure trial to investigate the effect of different internal and external associative strategies on endurance performance. Seventeen college-aged students were randomly assigned to three experimental conditions to test the notion that different attention-performance types (optimal Type 1, functional Type 2, and dysfunctional Type 3) would influence endurance time on a cycling task. Specifically, Type 1 represented an effortless and automatic, \u201cflow-feeling\u201d attentional mode. Type 2 referred to an associative focus directed at core components of the task. Type 3 represented an attentional focus directed at irrelevant components of the task. Participants completed three time-to-exhaustion-tests while reporting their perceived exertion and affective states (arousal and hedonic tone). Results revealed that Type 1 and Type 2 attentional strategies, compared with Type 3 strategy, exerted functional effects on performance, whereas a Type 3 strategy was linked to lower performance, and lower levels of arousal and pleasantness. Applied implications are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1123\/tsp.2014-0046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,11]],"date-time":"2015-02-11T22:42:05Z","timestamp":1423694525000},"page":"110-119","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["To Focus or Not to Focus: Is Attention on the Core Components of Action Beneficial for Cycling Performance?"],"prefix":"10.1123","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Bertollo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1University \u201cG. d'Annunzio\u201d of Chieti-Pescara"}]},{"given":"Selenia","family":"di Fronso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1University \u201cG. d'Annunzio\u201d of Chieti-Pescara"}]},{"given":"Edson","family":"Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2University of Central Lancashire"}]},{"given":"Vito","family":"Lamberti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1University \u201cG. d'Annunzio\u201d of Chieti-Pescara"}]},{"given":"Patrizio","family":"Ripari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1University \u201cG. d'Annunzio\u201d of Chieti-Pescara"}]},{"given":"Victor Machado","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Comani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1University \u201cG. d'Annunzio\u201d of Chieti-Pescara"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Bortoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1University \u201cG. d'Annunzio\u201d of Chieti-Pescara"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Robazza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1University \u201cG. d'Annunzio\u201d of Chieti-Pescara"}]}],"member":"100","container-title":["The Sport Psychologist"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/view\/journals\/tsp\/29\/2\/article-p110.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tsp\/29\/2\/article-p110.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,20]],"date-time":"2022-05-20T17:26:09Z","timestamp":1653067569000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/view\/journals\/tsp\/29\/2\/article-p110.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1123\/tsp.2014-0046","relation":{},"ISSN":["0888-4781","1543-2793"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0888-4781","type":"print"},{"value":"1543-2793","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]}}}