{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T01:40:51Z","timestamp":1790732451510,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,1]],"date-time":"2018-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541030400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,1]],"date-time":"2018-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541030400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dmd.aspetjournals.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug Metabolism and Disposition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,16]],"date-time":"2018-08-16T15:25:12Z","timestamp":1534433112000},"page":"1638-1646","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Microfluidic Cell Culture Platforms to Capture Hepatic Physiology and Complex Cellular Interactions"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Shyam Sundhar","family":"Bale","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey T.","family":"Borenstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibtech.2015.04.003","article-title":"Strategies for improving the physiological relevance of human engineered tissues","volume":"33","author":"Abbott","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trends Biotechnol"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.10569","article-title":"Formation of steady-state oxygen gradients in vitro: application to liver zonation","volume":"82","author":"Allen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biotechnol Bioeng"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfi052","article-title":"In vitro zonation and toxicity in a hepatocyte bioreactor","volume":"84","author":"Allen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1080\/004982598239074","article-title":"Development of a small-scale bioreactor for drug metabolism studies maintaining hepatospecific functions","volume":"28","author":"Bader","year":"1998","journal-title":"Xenobiotica"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25329","DOI":"10.1038\/srep25329","article-title":"Isolation and co-culture of rat parenchymal and non-parenchymal liver cells to evaluate cellular interactions and response","volume":"6","author":"Bale","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tec.2014.0152","article-title":"Long-term coculture strategies for primary hepatocytes and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells","volume":"21","author":"Bale","year":"2015","journal-title":"Tissue Eng Part C Methods"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.teb.2016.0031","article-title":"Emerging in vitro liver technologies for drug metabolism and inter-organ interactions","volume":"22","author":"Bale","year":"2016","journal-title":"Tissue Eng Part B Rev"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib8","first-page":"155","article-title":"A novel low-volume two-chamber microfabricated platform for evaluating drug metabolism and toxicity","volume":"3","author":"Bale","year":"2015","journal-title":"Technology (Singap World Sci)"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1177\/1535370214531872","article-title":"In vitro platforms for evaluating liver toxicity","volume":"239","author":"Bale","year":"2014","journal-title":"Exp Biol Med (Maywood)"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bars RG, Bell DR, Elcombe CR, Oinonen T, Jalava T, Lindros KO (1992) Zone-specific inducibility of cytochrome P450 2B1\/2 is retained in isolated perivenous hepatocytes. Biochem J 282:635\u2013638.","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2820635"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1883","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.13.14.1883","article-title":"Effect of cell-cell interactions in preservation of cellular phenotype: cocultivation of hepatocytes and nonparenchymal cells","volume":"13","author":"Bhatia","year":"1999","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2989","article-title":"Microfluidic organs-on-chips","volume":"32","author":"Bhatia","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bilzer M, Roggel F, Gerbes AL (2006) Role of Kupffer cells in host defense and liver disease. Liver Int 26:1175\u20131186.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2006.01342.x"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib14","unstructured":"Borenstein JT, Cheung W, Hartman L, Kaazempur-Mofrad MR, King KR, Sevy A, Shin M, Weinberg EJ, and Vacanti JP (2003) Living three-dimensional micro fabricated constructs for the replacement of vital organ function. TRANSDUCERS \u201803. 12th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems. Digest of Technical Papers (Cat. No.03TH8664). 2003 June 8\u201312; Boston, MA. IEEE, New York."},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1754","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-5926-1-1","article-title":"Structural and functional aspects of liver sinusoidal endothelial cell fenestrae: a review","volume":"1","author":"Braet","year":"2002","journal-title":"Comp Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C1053","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00331.2012","article-title":"Hemodynamic flow improves rat hepatocyte morphology, function, and metabolic activity in vitro","volume":"304","author":"Dash","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Cell Physiol"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1039\/C6LC01374K","article-title":"Mimicking liver sinusoidal structures and functions using a 3D-configured microfluidic chip","volume":"17","author":"Du","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lab Chip"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.3.2.2914628","article-title":"Hepatocyte function and extracellular matrix geometry: long-term culture in a sandwich configuration","volume":"3","author":"Dunn","year":"1989","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.116.4.1043","article-title":"Hepatocytes in collagen sandwich: evidence for transcriptional and translational regulation","volume":"116","author":"Dunn","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1021\/bp00009a007","article-title":"Long-term in vitro function of adult hepatocytes in a collagen sandwich configuration","volume":"7","author":"Dunn","year":"1991","journal-title":"Biotechnol Prog"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1080\/00498250600709778","article-title":"Approach to the prediction of the contribution of major cytochrome P450 enzymes to drug metabolism in the early drug-discovery stage","volume":"36","author":"Emoto","year":"2006","journal-title":"Xenobiotica"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2269","DOI":"10.1039\/C5LC00237K","article-title":"Multi-cellular 3D human primary liver cell culture elevates metabolic activity under fluidic flow","volume":"15","author":"Esch","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lab Chip"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pharmtox-010617-052722","article-title":"Application of microphysiological systems to enhance safety assessment in drug discovery","volume":"58","author":"Ewart","year":"2018","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1021\/tx900326k","article-title":"Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species","volume":"23","author":"Fourches","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chem Res Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00013.2007","article-title":"Hepatic stellate cells: protean, multifunctional, and enigmatic cells of the liver","volume":"88","author":"Friedman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23618","article-title":"Liver sinusoidal endothelium: a microenvironment-dependent differentiation program in rat including the novel junctional protein liver endothelial differentiation-associated protein-1","volume":"52","author":"G\u00e9raud","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1849","DOI":"10.1177\/41.12.8245433","article-title":"Hepatic lobular patterns of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, glycogen synthase, and glycogen phosphorylase in fasted and fed rats","volume":"41","author":"Giffin","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Histochem Cytochem"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Godoy P, Hewitt NJ, Albrecht U, Andersen ME, Ansari N, Bhattacharya S, Bode JG, Bolleyn J, Borner C, B\u00f6ttger J et al. (2013) Recent advances in 2D and 3D in vitro systems using primary hepatocytes, alternative hepatocyte sources and non-parenchymal liver cells and their use in investigating mechanisms of hepatotoxicity, cell signaling and ADME. Arch Toxicol 87:1315\u20131530.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-013-1078-5"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.05.013","article-title":"Gene networks and transcription factor motifs defining the differentiation of stem cells into hepatocyte-like cells","volume":"63","author":"Godoy","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3380","DOI":"10.1039\/c0lc00135j","article-title":"Perfusion-based microfluidic device for three-dimensional dynamic primary human hepatocyte cell culture in the absence of biological or synthetic matrices or coagulants","volume":"10","author":"Goral","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lab Chip"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd1329","article-title":"First dose of potential new medicines to humans: how animals help","volume":"3","author":"Greaves","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.98106511","article-title":"Liver cell models in in vitro toxicology","volume":"106","author":"Guillouzo","year":"1998","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2014.07.029","article-title":"Advantages and challenges of microfluidic cell culture in polydimethylsiloxane devices","volume":"63","author":"Halldorsson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biosens Bioelectron"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33980","DOI":"10.1038\/srep33980","article-title":"Cell biology is different in small volumes: endogenous signals shape phenotype of primary hepatocytes cultured in microfluidic channels","volume":"6","author":"Haque","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.05.041","article-title":"Kupffer of Kupffer cells","volume":"127","author":"Haubrich","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2033","DOI":"10.1039\/C4LC00071D","article-title":"Dynamic interplay of flow and collagen stabilizes primary hepatocytes culture in a microfluidic platform","volume":"14","author":"Hegde","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lab Chip"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1593","DOI":"10.1177\/1535370217708976","article-title":"Opportunities and challenges in the wider adoption of liver and interconnected microphysiological systems","volume":"242","author":"Hughes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Exp Biol Med (Maywood)"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2564","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.06-7473com","article-title":"Rat liver sinusoidal endothelial cells survive without exogenous VEGF in 3D perfused co-cultures with hepatocytes","volume":"21","author":"Hwa","year":"2007","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840020316","article-title":"Functional hepatocellular heterogeneity","volume":"2","author":"Jungermann","year":"1982","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4291","DOI":"10.1021\/ac051856v","article-title":"Liver-specific functional studies in a microfluidic array of primary mammalian hepatocytes","volume":"78","author":"Kane","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anal Chem"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8951","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-27179-6","article-title":"Metabolic patterning on a chip: towards in vitro liver zonation of primary rat and human hepatocytes","volume":"8","author":"Kang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kaplowitz N (2013) Drug-induced liver injury: introduction and overview. Clin Infect Dis 38 (Suppl 2):S44\u2013S48.","DOI":"10.1086\/381446"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1361","article-title":"Microscale culture of human liver cells for drug development","volume":"26","author":"Khetani","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e15456","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0015456","article-title":"3D hepatic cultures simultaneously maintain primary hepatocyte and liver sinusoidal endothelial cell phenotypes","volume":"5","author":"Kim","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2013.01.012","article-title":"A long-term three dimensional liver co-culture system for improved prediction of clinically relevant drug-induced hepatotoxicity","volume":"268","author":"Kostadinova","year":"2013","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1936","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrestox.6b00150","article-title":"Novel 3D culture systems for studies of human liver function and assessments of the hepatotoxicity of drugs and drug candidates","volume":"29","author":"Lauschke","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chem Res Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.21360","article-title":"An artificial liver sinusoid with a microfluidic endothelial-like barrier for primary hepatocyte culture","volume":"97","author":"Lee","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biotechnol Bioeng"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1080\/01926230590522356","article-title":"Recognizing drug-induced liver injury: current problems, possible solutions","volume":"33","author":"Lee","year":"2005","journal-title":"Toxicol Pathol"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lindros KO (1997) Zonation of cytochrome P450 expression, drug metabolism and toxicity in liver. Gen Pharmacol 28:191\u2013196.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-3623(96)00183-8"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26868","DOI":"10.1038\/srep26868","article-title":"A microfabricated platform for generating physiologically-relevant hepatocyte zonation","volume":"6","author":"McCarty","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McCuskey RS (2008) The hepatic microvascular system in health and its response to toxicants. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 291:661\u2013671.","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.20663"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2013.10.005","article-title":"Microfluidic cell culture","volume":"25","author":"Mehling","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Opin Biotechnol"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-012-0968-2","article-title":"Multi-cell type human liver microtissues for hepatotoxicity testing","volume":"87","author":"Messner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arch Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21016","article-title":"Liver endothelial cells promote LDL-R expression and the uptake of HCV-like particles in primary rat and human hepatocytes","volume":"43","author":"Nahmias","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0158674","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0158674","article-title":"Bioprinted 3D primary liver tissues allow assessment of organ-level response to clinical drug induced toxicity in vitro","volume":"11","author":"Nguyen","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nguyen DG, Pentoney SL (2017) Bioprinted three dimensional human tissues for toxicology and disease modeling. Drug Discov Today Technol 23:37\u201344.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ddtec.2017.03.001"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1039\/C3LC51160J","article-title":"Oxygen levels in thermoplastic microfluidic devices during cell culture","volume":"14","author":"Ochs","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lab Chip"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2013.01.009","article-title":"Precision-cut liver slices: a tool to model the liver ex vivo","volume":"58","author":"Olinga","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1006\/rtph.2000.1399","article-title":"Concordance of the toxicity of pharmaceuticals in humans and in animals","volume":"32","author":"Olson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Regul Toxicol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.25700","article-title":"Long-term maintenance of a microfluidic 3D human liver sinusoid","volume":"113","author":"Prodanov","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biotechnol Bioeng"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840020207","article-title":"Hepatic microvascular regulatory mechanisms. II. Cholinergic mechanisms","volume":"2","author":"Reilly","year":"1982","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-2862(81)90008-X","article-title":"Hepatic microvascular regulatory mechanisms. I. Adrenergic mechanisms","volume":"21","author":"Reilly","year":"1981","journal-title":"Microvasc Res"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3545","DOI":"10.2174\/138161205774414510","article-title":"Why drugs fail--a study on side effects in new chemical entities","volume":"11","author":"Schuster","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1038\/nchembio.1270","article-title":"Identification of small molecules for human hepatocyte expansion and iPS differentiation","volume":"9","author":"Shan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Chem Biol"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1039\/C6LC01401A","article-title":"Design considerations to minimize the impact of drug absorption in polymer-based organ-on-a-chip platforms","volume":"17","author":"Shirure","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lab Chip"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1039\/C2TX20051A","article-title":"In vitro models for liver toxicity testing","volume":"2","author":"Soldatow","year":"2013","journal-title":"Toxicol Res (Camb)"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Subba Rao M, Sasikala M, Reddy DN (2013) Thinking outside the liver: induced pluripotent stem cells for hepatic applications. World J Gastroenterol 19:3385\u20133396.","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v19.i22.3385"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e59432","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0059432","article-title":"Comparison of human hepatoma HepaRG cells with human and rat hepatocytes in uptake transport assays in order to predict a risk of drug induced hepatotoxicity","volume":"8","author":"Szabo","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1177\/34.2.3003183","article-title":"A new sample isolation procedure for microchemical analysis of functional liver cell heterogeneity","volume":"34","author":"Teutsch","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Histochem Cytochem"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1159\/000091096","article-title":"The effect of three-dimensional co-culture of hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells on key hepatocyte functions in vitro","volume":"181","author":"Thomas","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cells Tissues Organs"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1039\/b614872g","article-title":"A novel 3D mammalian cell perfusion-culture system in microfluidic channels","volume":"7","author":"Toh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lab Chip"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2006.04.005","article-title":"Modeling inflammation-drug interactions in vitro: a rat Kupffer cell-hepatocyte coculture system","volume":"20","author":"Tukov","year":"2006","journal-title":"Toxicol In Vitro"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Uitto J, Hoffman H, Prockop DJ (1975) Retention of nonhelical procollagen containing cis-hydroxyproline in rough endoplasmic reticulum. Science 190:1202\u20131204.","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1198105"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2006.05.006","article-title":"Human liver slices as an in vitro model to study toxicity-induced hepatic stellate cell activation in a multicellular milieu","volume":"162","author":"van de Bovenkamp","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chem Biol Interact"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfh285","article-title":"Organ slice viability extended for pathway characterization: an in vitro model to investigate fibrosis","volume":"82","author":"Vickers","year":"2004","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00027.2008","article-title":"The hepatic microcirculation: mechanistic contributions and therapeutic targets in liver injury and repair","volume":"89","author":"Vollmar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1177\/1535370214542068","article-title":"The relevance and potential roles of microphysiological systems in biology and medicine","volume":"239","author":"Wikswo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Exp Biol Med (Maywood)"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3496","DOI":"10.1039\/c3lc50243k","article-title":"Scaling and systems biology for integrating multiple organs-on-a-chip","volume":"13","author":"Wikswo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lab Chip"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wilke RA, Lin DW, Roden DM, Watkins PB, Flockhart D, Zineh I, Giacomini KM, and Krauss RM (2007) Identifying genetic risk factors for serious adverse drug reactions: current progress and challenges [published correction appears in Nat Rev Drug Discov (2008) 7:185]. Nat Rev Drug Discov 6:904\u2013916.","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd2423"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1177\/019262339602400114","article-title":"Structure and function of sinusoidal lining cells in the liver","volume":"24","author":"Wisse","year":"1996","journal-title":"Toxicol Pathol"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1007\/s13238-012-2918-4","article-title":"Human induced pluripotent stem cells derived hepatocytes: rising promise for disease modeling, drug development and cell therapy","volume":"3","author":"Yi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Protein Cell"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3822","DOI":"10.1039\/C5LC00611B","article-title":"3D liver models on a microplatform: well-defined culture, engineering of liver tissue and liver-on-a-chip","volume":"15","author":"Yoon No","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lab Chip"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/s10544-005-1589-9","article-title":"Microreactor microfluidic systems with human microsomes and hepatocytes for use in metabolite studies","volume":"7","author":"Zguris","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biomed Microdevices"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.2006.12.2241","article-title":"Contribution of non-parenchymal cells to the performance of micropatterned hepatocytes","volume":"12","author":"Zinchenko","year":"2006","journal-title":"Tissue Eng"},{"key":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083055_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.2006.12.751","article-title":"Hepatocyte and kupffer cells co-cultured on micropatterned surfaces to optimize hepatocyte function","volume":"12","author":"Zinchenko","year":"2006","journal-title":"Tissue Eng"}],"container-title":["Drug Metabolism and Disposition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0090955624056307?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0090955624056307?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1124\/dmd.118.083055","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,18]],"date-time":"2025-02-18T18:38:57Z","timestamp":1739903937000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0090955624056307"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"references-count":85,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0090955624056307"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1124\/dmd.118.083055","relation":{},"ISSN":["0090-9556"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0090-9556","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Microfluidic Cell Culture Platforms to Capture Hepatic Physiology and Complex Cellular Interactions","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Drug Metabolism and Disposition","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1124\/dmd.118.083055","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}