{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T13:02:42Z","timestamp":1768568562388,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,1]],"date-time":"2004-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1080777600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,1]],"date-time":"2004-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1080777600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jpet.aspetjournals.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,4]]},"DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,26]],"date-time":"2004-03-26T18:07:46Z","timestamp":1080324466000},"page":"249-258","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":95,"title":["In Vitro and in Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the New Glucocorticoid Ciclesonide"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"309","author":[{"given":"Michael","family":"Stoeck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Riedel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G\u00fcnther","family":"Hochhaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dietrich","family":"H\u00e4fner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 M.","family":"Masso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beate","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Armin","family":"Hatzelmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Degenhard","family":"Marx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniela S.","family":"Bundschuh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Adcock IM (2001) Glucocorticoid-regulated transcription factors. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 14: 211-219.","DOI":"10.1006\/pupt.2001.0283"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bachert C and Geveart P (1999) Effect of intranasal corticosteroids on release of cytokines and inflammatory mediators. Allergy 54 (Suppl) 57: 116-123.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.1999.tb04413.x"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barnes PJ (1995) Inhaled glucocorticoids for asthma. N Engl J Med 332: 868-875.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199503303321307"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Belvisi MG, Brown TJ, Wicks S, and Foster ML (2001) New glucocorticosteroids with an improved therapeutic ratio? Pulm Pharmacol Ther 14: 221-227.","DOI":"10.1006\/pupt.2001.0284"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Belvisi MG, Bundschuh DS, Stoeck M, Wicks S, Underwood S, Battram CH, Webber SE, Haddad E-B, and Foster ML (2002) Ciclesonide, a novel `on-site activated\u2019 inhaled corticosteroid with potent anti-inflammatory activity. J Allergy Clin Immunol 109: A59.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(02)81196-4"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ben Rhouma K and Sakly M (1994) Involution of rat thymus: characterization of cytoplasmic glucocorticoid receptors, evidence of glucocorticoid resistant dexamethasone receptor-positive cells. Arch Int Physiol Biochim Biophys 102: 97-102.","DOI":"10.3109\/13813459408996113"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bentley AM, Hamid Q, Robinson DS, Schotman E, Meng Q, Assoufi B, Kay AB, and Durham SR (1996) Prednisolone treatment in asthma. Reduction in the numbers of eosinophils, T cells, tryptase-only positive mast cells, and modulation of IL-4, IL-5 and interferon-gamma cytokine gene expression within the bronchial mucosa. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 153: 551-556.","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.153.2.8564096"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592_bib8","unstructured":"Bodor N (1988) The application of soft drug approaches to design safer steroids, in Topical Corticosteroid Ttherapy: A Novel Approach to Safer Drugs (Christopher E ed) pp 13-25, Raven Press, New York."},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boschetto P, Rogers DF, Fabbri LM, and Barnes PJ (1991) Corticosteroid inhibition of airway microvascular leakage. Am Rev Respir Dis 143: 605-609.","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/143.3.605"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brattsand R, O\u2019Donnell SR, Miller-Larsson A, and Rauchle KL (1991) Attenuation of bradykinin-induced mucosal inflammation by topical budesonide in rat trachea. Agents Actions 34: 200-202.","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01993278"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bundschuh DS, Eltze M, Barsig J, Wollin L, Hatzelmann A, and Beume R (2001) In vivo efficacy in airway disease models of roflumilast, a novel orally active PDE4 inhibitor. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 297: 280-290.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(24)29538-0"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Burke C, Power CK, Norris A, Condez A, Schmekel B, and Poulter LW (1992) Lung function and immunopathological changes after inhaled corticosteroid therapy in asthma. Eur Respir J 5: 73-79.","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.93.05010073"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chanoine F, Grenot C, Heidmann P, and Junien JL (1991) Pharmacokinetics of butixocort 21-propionate, budesonide, and beclomethasone dipropionate in the rat after intratracheal, intravenous and oral treatments. Drug Metab Dispos 19: 546-553.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-9556(25)07158-2"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elwood W, Lotvall JO, Barnes PJ, and Chung KF (1991) Characterization of allergen-induced bronchial hyperresponsiveness and airway inflammation in actively sensitized brown-Norway rats. J Allergy Clin Immunol 88: 951-960.","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(91)90253-K"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gantner F, Tenor H, Gekeler V, Schudt C, Wendel A, and Hatzelmann A (1997) Phosphodiesterase profiles of highly purified human peripheral blood leukocyte populations from normal and atopic individuals: a comparative study. J Allergy Clin Immunol 100: 527-535.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(97)70146-5"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Giembycz MA (2000) Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors and the treatment of asthma: where are we now and where do we go from here? Drugs 59: 193-212.","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200059020-00004"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gillis S, Crabtree GR, and Smith KA (1979) Glucocorticoid-induced inhibition of T cell growth factor production. I. The effect on mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation. J Immunol 123: 1624-1631.","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.123.4.1624"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592_bib18","unstructured":"Hall M, Peet CF, Boddington TKS, Enos T, Nave R, and Zech K (2000) Enzymology of the human hepatic metabolism of ciclesonide (B9207-015) (Abstract). Xenobiotic Metab Dispos 15 (Suppl): 11PE-12PE."},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lenschow DJ, Walunas TL, and Bluestone JA (1996) CD28\/B7 system of T cell costimulation. Annu Rev Immunol 14: 233-258.","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.14.1.233"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lord CJ and Lamb JR (1996) TH2 cells in allergic inflammation: a target of immunotherapy. Clin Exp Allergy 26: 756-765.","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2222.1996.d01-381.x"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Loux JJ, Smith S, and Salem H (1977) Antiinflammatory activity: evaluation of a new screening procedure. Inflammation 2: 125-130.","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00918674"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Manz B, Grill HJ, and Pollow K (1982) Steroid side-chain modification and receptor affinity: binding of synthetic derivatives of corticoids to human spleen tumor and rat liver glucocorticoid receptors. J Steroid Biochem 17: 335-342.","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4731(82)90208-4"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mealy NE, Bayes M, and Castaner J (2001) Ciclesonide. Drugs Future 26: 1033-1039.","DOI":"10.1358\/dof.2001.026.11.642072"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592_bib24","unstructured":"Mutch E, Nave R, Zech K, and Williams FM (2003) Esterases involved in the hydrolysis of ciclesonide in human tissues. Eur Respir J 22 (Suppl 45): P1749."},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592_bib25","unstructured":"Nave R, Bethke TD, van Marle SP, and Zech K (2002) Pharmacokinetics of 14C-ciclesonide after oral and intravenous administration in healthy subjects. Eur Respir J 20 (Suppl 38): P745."},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592_bib26","unstructured":"Rohdewald P, M\u00f6llmann HW, and Hochhaus G (1984) Rezeptoraffinit\u00e4ten handel-s\u00fcblicher Glukokortikoide zum Glukokortikoid-Rezeptor der menschlichen Lunge. Atemw-Lungenkrkh 10: 484-489."},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Salvi SS, Babu KS, and Holgate ST (2001) Is asthma really due to a polarized T cell response toward a helper T cell type 2 phenotype? Am J Respir Crit Care Med 164: 1343-1346.","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.164.8.2103080"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schneider T, van Velzen D, Moqbel R, and Issekutz AC (1997) Kinetics and quantitation of eosinophil and neutrophil recruitment to allergic lung inflammation in a brown Norway rat model. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 17: 702-712.","DOI":"10.1165\/ajrcmb.17.6.2849"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Skoner DP (2001) Allergic rhinitis: definition, epidemiology, pathophysiology, detection and diagnosis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 108: S2-S8.","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2001.115569"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Smith KA, Crabtree GR, Kennedy SJ, and Munck AU (1977) Glucocorticoid receptors and glucocorticoid sensitivity of mitogen stimulated and unstimulated human lymphocytes. Nature (Lond) 267: 523-526.","DOI":"10.1038\/267523a0"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592_bib31","unstructured":"Stoeck M, Hatzelmann A, Belvisi MG, Foster ML, and Bundschuh DS (2001) In vitro anti-inflammatory activity of the new glucocorticoid ciclesonide in human cells (Abstract). Eur Respir J 18 (Suppl 33): P679."},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Szelenyi I, Hochhaus G, Heer S, K\u00fcsters S, Marx D, Poppe H, and Engel J (2000) Loteprednol etabonate: a soft steroid for the treatment of allergic diseases of the airways. Drugs Today 36: 313-320.","DOI":"10.1358\/dot.2000.36.5.575043"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Toogood JH (1998) Side effects of inhaled corticosteroids. J Allergy Clin Immunol 102: 705-713.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(98)70007-7"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Winter CA, Risley EA, and Nuss GW (1963) Anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities of indomethacin, 1-(p-chlorobenzoyl)-5-methoxy-2-methylindole-3-acetic acid. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 141: 369.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)26625-3"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.103.059592_bib35","unstructured":"Wuerthwein G, Rehder S, and Rohdewald P (1992) Lipophilicity and receptor affinity of glucocorticoids. Pharm Ztg Wiss 137: 161-165."}],"container-title":["The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022356524312728?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022356524312728?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1124\/jpet.103.059592","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,19]],"date-time":"2025-02-19T20:50:01Z","timestamp":1739998201000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022356524312728"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,4]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022356524312728"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1124\/jpet.103.059592","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3565"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3565","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"In Vitro and in Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the New Glucocorticoid Ciclesonide","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1124\/jpet.103.059592","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2004 The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}