{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T11:10:40Z","timestamp":1768561840174,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,1]],"date-time":"2013-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1359676800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,1]],"date-time":"2013-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1359676800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jpet.aspetjournals.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,8]],"date-time":"2012-12-08T08:15:50Z","timestamp":1354954550000},"page":"397-406","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["Selective Effects of a Morphine Conjugate Vaccine on Heroin and Metabolite Distribution and Heroin-Induced Behaviors in Rats"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"344","author":[{"given":"M.D.","family":"Raleigh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Pravetoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.C.","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.K.","family":"Birnbaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.R.","family":"Pentel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.109.152462","article-title":"Increased locomotor activity induced by heroin in mice: pharmacokinetic demonstration of heroin acting as a prodrug for the mediator 6-monoacetylmorphine in vivo","volume":"331","author":"Andersen","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2006.01.047","article-title":"A novel bivalent morphine\/heroin vaccine that prevents relapse to heroin addiction in rodents","volume":"24","author":"Anton","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-005-0030-7","article-title":"Effect of repeated administrations of heroin, naltrexone, methadone, and alcohol on morphine glucuronidation in the rat","volume":"182","author":"Antonilli","year":"2005","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3979","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.23258","article-title":"Species difference of esterase expression and hydrolase activity in plasma","volume":"101","author":"Bahar","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-7158.1997.tb06795.x","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of heterologous and homologous immunoglobulin G, F(ab\u2019)2 and Fab after intravenous administration in the rat","volume":"49","author":"Bazin-Redureau","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Pharm Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1038\/252708a0","article-title":"Changes in heroin self-administration by a rhesus monkey after morphine immunisation","volume":"252","author":"Bonese","year":"1974","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1988","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.98.4.1988","article-title":"A second-generation vaccine protects against the psychoactive effects of cocaine","volume":"98","author":"Carrera","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1007\/s002130050956","article-title":"Comparison of intravenous and intranasal heroin self-administration by morphine-maintained humans","volume":"143","author":"Comer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2011.07.009","article-title":"Combined active and passive immunization against nicotine: minimizing monoclonal antibody requirements using a target antibody concentration strategy","volume":"11","author":"Cornish","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fiellin DA, Friedland GH, Gourevitch MN (2006) Opioid dependence: rationale for and efficacy of existing and new treatments. Clin Iinfect Dis 43 (Suppl 4):S173\u2013177.","DOI":"10.1086\/508180"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9236(03)00199-1","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of high doses of intramuscular and oral heroin in narcotic addicts","volume":"74","author":"Girardin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2009.08.031","article-title":"Cocaine-specific antibodies blunt the subjective effects of smoked cocaine in humans","volume":"67","author":"Haney","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2010.317","article-title":"Immunogenicity and smoking-cessation outcomes for a novel nicotine immunotherapeutic","volume":"89","author":"Hatsukami","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(83)90616-1","article-title":"Evidence from opiate binding studies that heroin acts through its metabolites","volume":"33","author":"Inturrisi","year":"1983","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jones JM, Raleigh MD, Pentel PR, Harmon TM, Keyler DE, Remmel RP, Birnbaum AK (2013) Stability of heroin, 6-monoacteylmorphine, and morphine in biological samples and validation of an LC-MS assay for delayed analyses of pharmacokinetic samples in rats. J Pharm Biomed Anal 74:291\u2013297.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2012.10.033"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1007\/s002130050049","article-title":"Evaluation of anti-cocaine antibodies and a cocaine vaccine in a rat self-administration model","volume":"148","author":"Kantak","year":"2000","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2005.04.008","article-title":"Development of pharmaceutical heroin preparations for medical co-prescription to opioid dependent patients","volume":"80","author":"Klous","year":"2005","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-010-0135-5","article-title":"Use of naltrexone to treat opioid addiction in a country in which methadone and buprenorphine are not available","volume":"12","author":"Krupitsky","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Psychiatry Rep"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2011.07502.x","article-title":"A morphine\/heroin vaccine with new hapten design attenuates behavioral effects in rats","volume":"119","author":"Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-010-0793-6","article-title":"The pharmacological treatment of opioid addiction\u2014a clinical perspective","volume":"66","author":"Lobmaier","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2005.04.032","article-title":"Vaccine pharmacotherapy for the treatment of cocaine dependence","volume":"58","author":"Martell","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1007\/s002130050842","article-title":"Mecamylamine blocks the development of tolerance to nicotine in rats: implications for the mechanisms of tolerance","volume":"141","author":"McCallum","year":"1999","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1037\/a0013637","article-title":"Addiction to prescription opioids: characteristics of the emerging epidemic and treatment with buprenorphine","volume":"16","author":"Mendelson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Exp Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(95)00071-7","article-title":"Species differences in hydrolysis of isocarbacyclin methyl ester (TEI-9090) by blood esterases","volume":"49","author":"Minagawa","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1097\/00004714-200002000-00012","article-title":"Naltrexone-induced nausea in patients treated for alcohol dependence: clinical predictors and evidence for opioid-mediated effects","volume":"20","author":"O\u2019Malley","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1016\/S0192-0561(00)00023-0","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and cytokine production in heroin and morphine-treated mice","volume":"22","author":"Pacifici","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2011.02.004","article-title":"Vaccination against nicotine alters the distribution of nicotine delivered via cigarette smoke inhalation to rats","volume":"81","author":"Pravetoni","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.111.189506","article-title":"An oxycodone conjugate vaccine elicits drug-specific antibodies that reduce oxycodone distribution to brain and hot-plate analgesia","volume":"341","author":"Pravetoni","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4617","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.04.101","article-title":"Co-administration of morphine and oxycodone vaccines reduces the distribution of 6-monoacetylmorphine and oxycodone to brain in rats","volume":"30","author":"Pravetoni","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.107.135111","article-title":"Combined active and passive immunization enhances the efficacy of immunotherapy against nicotine in rats","volume":"325","author":"Roiko","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.2174\/157488406775268219","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and pharmacokinetic variability of heroin and its metabolites: review of the literature","volume":"1","author":"Rook","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1681.1999.03090.x","article-title":"Human erythrocyte but not brain acetylcholinesterase hydrolyses heroin to morphine","volume":"26","author":"Salmon","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(03)00094-8","article-title":"Tissue-dependent effects of immunization with a nicotine conjugate vaccine on the distribution of nicotine in rats","volume":"3","author":"Satoskar","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-2952(01)00689-X","article-title":"mu Opioid receptor-mediated G-protein activation by heroin metabolites: evidence for greater efficacy of 6-monoacetylmorphine compare with morphine","volume":"62","author":"Selley","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5195","DOI":"10.1021\/jm200461m","article-title":"A vaccine strategy that induces protective immunity against heroin","volume":"54","author":"Stowe","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Med Chem"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-3057(85)90028-0","article-title":"Effects of naloxone on heroin-, amphetamine- and caffeine-stimulated locomotor activity in the rat","volume":"23","author":"Swerdlow","year":"1985","journal-title":"Pharmacol Biochem Behav"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2007.01849.x","article-title":"Improving drug addiction treatment in China","volume":"102","author":"Tang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2006.01367.x","article-title":"Opiate addiction in China: current situation and treatments","volume":"101","author":"Tang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(82)90218-7","article-title":"Heroin: analgesia, toxicity and disposition in the mouse","volume":"85","author":"Umans","year":"1982","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2009.03.013","article-title":"Interactions between morphine and the morphine-glucuronides measured by conditioned place preference and locomotor activity","volume":"93","author":"Vindenes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pharmacol Biochem Behav"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.112.201194_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)25802-5","article-title":"The pharmacologic effects of heroin in relationship to its rate of biotransformation","volume":"129","author":"Way","year":"1960","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022356524185059?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022356524185059?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1124\/jpet.112.201194","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,19]],"date-time":"2025-02-19T17:18:30Z","timestamp":1739985510000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022356524185059"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022356524185059"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1124\/jpet.112.201194","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3565"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3565","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Selective Effects of a Morphine Conjugate Vaccine on Heroin and Metabolite Distribution and Heroin-Induced Behaviors in Rats","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1124\/jpet.112.201194","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2013 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}