{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T01:56:05Z","timestamp":1780624565501,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jpet.aspetjournals.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]],"date-time":"2021-09-30T15:47:25Z","timestamp":1633016845000},"page":"310-323","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Therapeutic Effects of Time-Limited Treatment with Brivaracetam on Posttraumatic Epilepsy after Fluid Percussion Injury in the Rat"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"379","author":[{"given":"Clifford L.","family":"Eastman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason S.","family":"Fender","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pavel","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raimondo","family":"D\u2019Ambrosio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6569.2010.00572.x","article-title":"Imaging inflammation in a patient with epilepsy due to focal cortical dysplasia","volume":"23","author":"Butler","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neuroimaging"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15268","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.26.15268","article-title":"Abnormal neurotransmission in mice lacking synaptic vesicle protein 2A (SV2A)","volume":"96","author":"Crowder","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1574","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhq218","article-title":"Impact of injury location and severity on posttraumatic epilepsy in the rat: role of frontal neocortex","volume":"21","author":"Curia","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib4","first-page":"219","article-title":"Modeling post-traumatic epilepsy for therapy development, in translational research in traumatic brain injury","author":"Curia","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.23764","article-title":"Mild passive focal cooling prevents epileptic seizures after head injury in rats","volume":"73","author":"D\u2019Ambrosio","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh038","article-title":"Post-traumatic epilepsy following fluid percussion injury in the rat","volume":"127","author":"D\u2019Ambrosio","year":"2004","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh337","article-title":"Progression from frontal-parietal to mesial-temporal epilepsy after fluid percussion injury in the rat","volume":"128","author":"D\u2019Ambrosio","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2805","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awp217","article-title":"Functional definition of seizure provides new insight into post-traumatic epileptogenesis","volume":"132","author":"D\u2019Ambrosio","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1535-7511.2010.01358.x","article-title":"What is an epileptic seizure? Unifying definitions in clinical practice and animal research to develop novel treatments","volume":"10","author":"D\u2019Ambrosio","year":"2010","journal-title":"Epilepsy Curr"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2007.12.019","article-title":"The global burden and stigma of epilepsy","volume":"12","author":"de Boer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl018","article-title":"Temporal lobe epilepsy after experimental prolonged febrile seizures: prospective analysis","volume":"129","author":"Dub\u00e9","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12973","article-title":"Anti-ictogenic and antiepileptogenic properties of brivaracetam in mature and immature rats","volume":"56","author":"Dupuis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib14","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency Assessment Report Briviact, www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/assessment-report\/briviact-epar-public-assessment-report_en.pdf"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2014.12.010","article-title":"Optimized methods for epilepsy therapy development using an etiologically realistic model of focal epilepsy in the rat","volume":"264","author":"Eastman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2010.04.013","article-title":"ECoG studies of valproate, carbamazepine and halothane in frontal-lobe epilepsy induced by head injury in the rat","volume":"224","author":"Eastman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.110.175133","article-title":"Antiepileptic and antiepileptogenic performance of carisbamate after head injury in the rat: blind and randomized studies","volume":"336","author":"Eastman","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1007\/s12031-009-9288-2","article-title":"Down-regulation synaptic vesicle protein 2A in the anterior temporal neocortex of patients with intractable epilepsy","volume":"39","author":"Feng","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Mol Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0013-9580.2005.66104.x","article-title":"Epileptic seizures and epilepsy: definitions proposed by the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) and the International Bureau for Epilepsy (IBE)","volume":"46","author":"Fisher","year":"2005","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2007.00992.x","article-title":"Refractory epilepsy: clinical overview","volume":"48","author":"French","year":"2007","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1535-7511.2005.00083.x","article-title":"Posttraumatic epilepsy: a major problem in desperate need of major advances","volume":"6","author":"Garga","year":"2006","journal-title":"Epilepsy Curr"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib23","first-page":"S9","article-title":"Tolerability of antiseizure medications: implications for health outcomes","volume":"63","author":"Gilliam","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2010.02960.x","article-title":"A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of adjunctive carisbamate treatment in patients with partial-onset seizures","volume":"52","author":"Halford","year":"2011","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2012.06.058","article-title":"Low distribution of synaptic vesicle protein 2A and synaptotagimin-1 in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of spontaneously epileptic rats exhibiting both tonic convulsion and absence seizure","volume":"221","author":"Hanaya","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1053\/seiz.2000.0511","article-title":"Neuroprotective properties of the novel antiepileptic drug levetiracetam in the rat middle cerebral artery occlusion model of focal cerebral ischemia","volume":"10","author":"Hanon","year":"2001","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2005.09.015","article-title":"Clinical trials for prevention of epileptogenesis","volume":"68","author":"Herman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2072","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2009.02097.x","article-title":"Negative motor seizure arising from the negative motor area: is it ictal apraxia?","volume":"50","author":"Ikeda","year":"2009","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2017.05.039","article-title":"UPLC-MS\/MS assay for identification and quantification of brivaracetam in plasma sample: Application to pharmacokinetic study in rats","volume":"1060","author":"Iqbal","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.03.005","article-title":"Prevention of status epilepticus-induced brain edema and neuronal cell loss by repeated treatment with high-dose levetiracetam","volume":"1608","author":"Itoh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2016.09.038","article-title":"Levetiracetam treatment influences blood-brain barrier failure associated with angiogenesis and inflammatory responses in the acute phase of epileptogenesis in post-status epilepticus mice","volume":"1652","author":"Itoh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib33","series-title":"Jasper's Basic Mechanisms of the Epilepsies 4th edition [Internet]","article-title":"Targeting SV2A for discovery of antiepileptic drugs","author":"Kaminski","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-1211(01)00294-7","article-title":"Photothrombotic brain infarction results in seizure activity in aging Fischer 344 and Sprague Dawley rats","volume":"47","author":"Kelly","year":"2001","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2010.01.018","article-title":"Levetiracetam inhibits interleukin-1 beta inflammatory responses in the hippocampus and piriform cortex of epileptic rats","volume":"471","author":"Kim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13409","article-title":"Safety and tolerability of adjunctive brivaracetam as intravenous infusion or bolus in patients with epilepsy","volume":"57","author":"Klein","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e21","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13631","article-title":"Time to onset of sustained \u226550% responder status in patients with focal (partial-onset) seizures in three phase III studies of adjunctive brivaracetam treatment","volume":"58","author":"Klein","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2017.05.024","article-title":"Prevention of epilepsy: should we be avoiding clinical trials?","volume":"72","author":"Klein","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107762","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2019.107762","article-title":"No prevention or cure of epilepsy as yet","volume":"168","author":"Klein","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13340","article-title":"Brivaracetam: rationale for discovery and preclinical profile of a selective SV2A ligand for epilepsy treatment","volume":"57","author":"Klitgaard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1902","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13914","article-title":"Reduced infancy and childhood epilepsy following hypothermia-treated neonatal encephalopathy","volume":"58","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2007.01093.x","article-title":"The pharmacokinetics of antiepileptic drugs in rats: consequences for maintaining effective drug levels during prolonged drug administration in rat models of epilepsy","volume":"48","author":"L\u00f6scher","year":"2007","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2016.05.016","article-title":"Fit for purpose application of currently existing animal models in the discovery of novel epilepsy therapies","volume":"126","author":"L\u00f6scher","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1873","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-017-2222-z","article-title":"Animal models of seizures and epilepsy: past, present, and future role for the discovery of antiseizure drugs","volume":"42","author":"L\u00f6scher","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurochem Res"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107605","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2019.04.011","article-title":"The holy grail of epilepsy prevention: preclinical approaches to antiepileptogenic treatments","volume":"167","author":"L\u00f6scher","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(24)37251-9","article-title":"Antiepileptogenic effects of the novel anticonvulsant levetiracetam (ucb L059) in the kindling model of temporal lobe epilepsy","volume":"284","author":"L\u00f6scher","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd4126","article-title":"New avenues for anti-epileptic drug discovery and development","volume":"12","author":"L\u00f6scher","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib48","first-page":"2","article-title":"Brain cooling reduces the risk of post-neonatal epilepsy in newborns affected by moderate to severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy","volume":"2018","author":"Lugli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Minerva Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib48a","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2016.00217","article-title":"Historical Review of the Fluid-Percussion TBI Model","volume":"7","author":"Lyeth","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2011.03.010","article-title":"Human clinical trails in antiepileptogenesis","volume":"497","author":"Mani","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1662","DOI":"10.1038\/bjp.2008.198","article-title":"Anti-convulsive and anti-epileptic properties of brivaracetam (ucb 34714), a high-affinity ligand for the synaptic vesicle protein, SV2A","volume":"154","author":"Matagne","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-015-0110-9","article-title":"Brivaracetam, but not ethosuximide, reverses memory impairments in an Alzheimer\u2019s disease mouse model","volume":"7","author":"Nygaard","year":"2015","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-006-9132-y","article-title":"Effects of levetiracetam in lipid peroxidation level, nitrite-nitrate formation and antioxidant enzymatic activity in mice brain after pilocarpine-induced seizures","volume":"27","author":"Oliveira","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0158231","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0158231","article-title":"Chronic posttraumatic epilepsy following neocortical undercut lesion in mice","volume":"11","author":"Ping","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2011.02992.x","article-title":"Development of later life spontaneous seizures in a rodent model of hypoxia-induced neonatal seizures","volume":"52","author":"Rakhade","year":"2011","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01041373","article-title":"The role of lysosomes in hyaline droplet nephropathy induced by a variety of pharmacological agents in the male rat","volume":"23","author":"Read","year":"1991","journal-title":"Histochem J"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1558","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13486","article-title":"The progression of electrophysiologic abnormalities during epileptogenesis after experimental traumatic brain injury","volume":"57","author":"Reid","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S154388","article-title":"Reference ranges for antiepileptic drugs revisited: a practical approach to establish national guidelines","volume":"12","author":"Reimers","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drug Des Devel Ther"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.1038\/bjp.2008.221","article-title":"Brivaracetam: a rational drug discovery success story","volume":"154","author":"Rogawski","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1080\/17460441.2017.1366985","article-title":"The preclinical discovery and development of brivaracetam for the treatment of focal epilepsy","volume":"12","author":"Russo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Discov"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2006.02829.x","article-title":"The pharmacokinetics, CNS pharmacodynamics and adverse event profile of brivaracetam after single increasing oral doses in healthy males","volume":"63","author":"Sargentini-Maier","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1684\/epd.2012.0512","article-title":"Is antiepileptogenesis a realistic goal in clinical trials? Concerns and new horizons","volume":"14","author":"Schmidt","year":"2012","journal-title":"Epileptic Disord"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-013-0252-z","article-title":"Anti-epileptogenic clinical trial designs in epilepsy: issues and options","volume":"11","author":"Schmidt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-016-0695-9","article-title":"Prevention of epilepsy: issues and innovations","volume":"16","author":"Schmidt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.51.5.1256","article-title":"Is the underlying cause of epilepsy a major prognostic factor for recurrence?","volume":"51","author":"Semah","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.07.038","article-title":"Progress on the issue of excitotoxic injury modification vs. real neuroprotection; implications for post-traumatic epilepsy","volume":"61","author":"Sloviter","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1756286419873518","article-title":"Levetiracetam and brivaracetam: a review of evidence from clinical trials and clinical experience","volume":"12","author":"Steinhoff","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ther Adv Neurol Disord"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1418","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2009.02405.x","article-title":"Theiler\u2019s virus infection chronically alters seizure susceptibility","volume":"51","author":"Stewart","year":"2010","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2011.05.017","article-title":"Neuroprotective effect of levetiracetam on hippocampal sclerosis-like change in spontaneously epileptic rats","volume":"86","author":"Sugata","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain Res Bull"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2010.06.061","article-title":"Levetiracetam suppresses development of spontaneous EEG seizures and aberrant neurogenesis following kainate-induced status epilepticus","volume":"1352","author":"Sugaya","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(89)90053-7","article-title":"The comparative pathobiology of alpha 2u-globulin nephropathy","volume":"97","author":"Swenberg","year":"1989","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2008.02005.x","article-title":"Preventing and treating posttraumatic seizures: the human experience","volume":"50","author":"Temkin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2005.22.42","article-title":"Lateral fluid percussion brain injury: a 15-year review and evaluation","volume":"22","author":"Thompson","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1409","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2008.01955.x","article-title":"Expression patterns of synaptic vesicle protein 2A in focal cortical dysplasia and TSC-cortical tubers","volume":"50","author":"Toering","year":"2009","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2010.12.012","article-title":"Early treatment after stroke for the prevention of late epileptic seizures: a report on the problems performing a randomised placebo-controlled double-blind trial aimed at anti-epileptogenesis","volume":"20","author":"van Tuijl","year":"2011","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2008.01727.x","article-title":"Decreased expression of synaptic vesicle protein 2A, the binding site for levetiracetam, during epileptogenesis and chronic epilepsy","volume":"50","author":"van Vliet","year":"2009","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2008.01594.x","article-title":"Anticonvulsive and antiepileptogenic effects of levetiracetam in the audiogenic kindling model","volume":"49","author":"Vinogradova","year":"2008","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1385\/NCC:5:1:71","article-title":"Levetiracetam is neuroprotective in murine models of closed head injury and subarachnoid hemorrhage","volume":"5","author":"Wang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13638","article-title":"Evidence for a differential interaction of brivaracetam and levetiracetam with the synaptic vesicle 2A protein","volume":"58","author":"Wood","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e147","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.14532","article-title":"Further evidence for a differential interaction of brivaracetam and levetiracetam with the synaptic vesicle 2A protein","volume":"59","author":"Wood","year":"2018","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2005.35204.x","article-title":"Separation of antiepileptogenic and antiseizure effects of levetiracetam in the spontaneously epileptic rat (SER)","volume":"46","author":"Yan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1124\/jpet.121.000585_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968313491007","article-title":"Neuroprotective, neuroplastic, and neurobehavioral effects of daily treatment with levetiracetam in experimental traumatic brain injury","volume":"27","author":"Zou","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurorehabil Neural Repair"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S002235652427083X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S002235652427083X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1124\/jpet.121.000585","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,19]],"date-time":"2025-02-19T14:02:43Z","timestamp":1739973763000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S002235652427083X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"references-count":79,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S002235652427083X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1124\/jpet.121.000585","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3565"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3565","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Therapeutic Effects of Time-Limited Treatment with Brivaracetam on Posttraumatic Epilepsy after Fluid Percussion Injury in the Rat","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1124\/jpet.121.000585","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}