{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T04:56:44Z","timestamp":1791349004334,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,1]],"date-time":"2006-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1141171200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,1]],"date-time":"2006-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1141171200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["molpharm.aspetjournals.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,3]]},"DOI":"10.1124\/mol.105.018069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,20]],"date-time":"2005-12-20T01:35:27Z","timestamp":1135042527000},"page":"1048-1055","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Opposing Functions of Spinal M2, M3, and M4 Receptor Subtypes in Regulation of GABAergic Inputs to Dorsal Horn Neurons Revealed by Muscarinic Receptor Knockout Mice"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Hong-Mei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shao-Rui","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minoru","family":"Matsui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dinesh","family":"Gautam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00fcrgen","family":"Wess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui-Lin","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1124\/mol.105.018069_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/0163-7258(93)90027-B","article-title":"Muscarinic receptors\u2014characterization, coupling and function","volume":"58","author":"Caulfield","year":"1993","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1124\/mol.105.018069_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-6997(24)01362-0","article-title":"International Union of Pharmacology. XVII. Classification of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors","volume":"50","author":"Caulfield","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"key":"10.1124\/mol.105.018069_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2004.01.015","article-title":"Activation of muscarinic receptors inhibits spinal dorsal horn projection neurons: role of GABAB receptors","volume":"125","author":"Chen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1124\/mol.105.018069_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.104.082537","article-title":"Functional activity of the M2 and M4 receptor subtypes in the spinal cord studied with muscarinic acetylcholine receptor knockout mice","volume":"313","author":"Chen","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1124\/mol.105.018069_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-894X(99)00101-8","article-title":"Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationship studies of himbacine derived muscarinic receptor antagonists","volume":"9","author":"Doller","year":"1999","journal-title":"Bioorg Med Chem Lett"},{"key":"10.1124\/mol.105.018069_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)23208-6","article-title":"Antagonist binding profiles of five cloned human muscarinic receptor subtypes","volume":"256","author":"Dorje","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1124\/mol.105.018069_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.62.5.1084","article-title":"Evaluation of muscarinic agonist-induced analgesia in muscarinic acetylcholine receptor knockout mice","volume":"62","author":"Duttaroy","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1124\/mol.105.018069_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1971","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(96)00187-7","article-title":"The interaction of 4-DAMP mustard with subtypes of the muscarinic receptor","volume":"58","author":"Ehlert","year":"1996","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"10.1124\/mol.105.018069_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(24)38067-X","article-title":"Development of muscarinic analgesics derived from epibatidine: role of the M4 receptor subtype","volume":"288","author":"Ellis","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1124\/mol.105.018069_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.9.8.7768353","article-title":"Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors: signal transduction through multiple effectors","volume":"9","author":"Felder","year":"1995","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"10.1124\/mol.105.018069_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2682","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0953-816X.2004.03384.x","article-title":"Two distinct classes of muscarinic action on hippocampal inhibitory synapses: M2-mediated direct suppression and M1\/M3-mediated indirect suppression through endocannabinoid signalling","volume":"19","author":"Fukudome","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1124\/mol.105.018069_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1692","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.4.1692","article-title":"Pronounced pharmacologic deficits in M2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor knockout mice","volume":"96","author":"Gomeza","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1124\/mol.105.018069_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(24)36570-X","article-title":"M2, M3 and M4, but not M1, muscarinic receptor subtypes are present in rat spinal cord","volume":"281","author":"Hoglund","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1124\/mol.105.018069_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(24)36759-X","article-title":"Enhancement of analgesia from systemic opioid in humans by spinal cholinesterase inhibition","volume":"282","author":"Hood","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1124\/mol.105.018069_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)38297-2","article-title":"Characterization of the antinociception produced by intrathecally administered muscarinic agonists in rats","volume":"266","author":"Iwamoto","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1124\/mol.105.018069_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2002.020644","article-title":"Role of presynaptic muscarinic and GABAB receptors in spinal glutamate release and cholinergic analgesia in rats","volume":"543","author":"Li","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1124\/mol.105.018069_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10627","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-24-10627.2002","article-title":"Mice lacking M2 and M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors are devoid of cholinergic smooth muscle contractions but still viable","volume":"22","author":"Matsui","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1124\/mol.105.018069_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)10399-6","article-title":"Binding and functional selectivity of himbacine for cloned and neuronal muscarinic receptors","volume":"263","author":"Miller","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1124\/mol.105.018069_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1338","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199406000-00022","article-title":"Antinociceptive effects of spinal cholinesterase inhibition and isobolographic analysis of the interaction with \u03bc and \u03b12 receptor systems","volume":"80","author":"Naguib","year":"1994","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1124\/mol.105.018069_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-199710000-00025","article-title":"Characterization of muscarinic receptor subtypes that mediate antinociception in the rat spinal cord","volume":"85","author":"Naguib","year":"1997","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1124\/mol.105.018069_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbrainres.2004.09.012","article-title":"Quantitative analysis of binding parameters of [3H]N-methylscopolamine in central nervous system of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor knockout mice","volume":"133","author":"Oki","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain Res Mol Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1124\/mol.105.018069_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1938","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00575.2001","article-title":"Inhibition of glutamatergic synaptic input to spinal lamina II(o) neurons by presynaptic \u03b12-adrenergic receptors","volume":"87","author":"Pan","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1124\/mol.105.018069_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(84)90296-9","article-title":"Autoradiographic localization of muscarinic cholinergic receptors at various segmental levels of the human spinal cord","volume":"49","author":"Scatton","year":"1984","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"10.1124\/mol.105.018069_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2481","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(01)01042-6","article-title":"Identification of subtypes of muscarinic receptors that regulate Ca2+ and K+ channel activity in sympathetic neurons","volume":"68","author":"Shapiro","year":"2001","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"10.1124\/mol.105.018069_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10899","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.19.10899","article-title":"Assignment of muscarinic receptor subtypes mediating G-protein modulation of Ca2+ channels by using knockout mice","volume":"96","author":"Shapiro","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1124\/mol.105.018069_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(85)90854-6","article-title":"Muscarinic cholinergic receptors in the human spinal cord: differential localization of [3H]pirenzepine and [3H]quinuclidinylbenzilate binding sites","volume":"345","author":"Villiger","year":"1985","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1124\/mol.105.018069_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1615\/CritRevNeurobiol.v10.i1.40","article-title":"Molecular biology of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors","volume":"10","author":"Wess","year":"1996","journal-title":"Crit Rev Neurobiol"},{"key":"10.1124\/mol.105.018069_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pharmtox.44.101802.121622","article-title":"Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor knockout mice: novel phenotypes and clinical implications","volume":"44","author":"Wess","year":"2004","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1124\/mol.105.018069_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(83)90379-5","article-title":"Differential light microscopic autoradiographic localization of muscarinic cholinergic receptors in the brainstem and spinal cord of the rat using [3H]pirenzepine","volume":"91","author":"Yamamura","year":"1983","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1124\/mol.105.018069_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3908(03)00197-7","article-title":"Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors potentiate the GABAergic transmission in the developing rat inferior colliculus","volume":"45","author":"Yigit","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1124\/mol.105.018069_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1990.sp018293","article-title":"Amino acid-mediated EPSPs at primary afferent synapses with substantia gelatinosa neurones in the rat spinal cord","volume":"430","author":"Yoshimura","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1124\/mol.105.018069_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(97)00426-6","article-title":"Immunocytochemical localization of muscarinic M2 receptor in the rat spinal cord","volume":"229","author":"Yung","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"10.1124\/mol.105.018069_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.104.079939","article-title":"M2, M3 and M4 receptor subtypes contribute to muscarinic potentiation of GABAergic inputs to spinal dorsal horn neurons","volume":"313","author":"Zhang","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"}],"container-title":["Molecular Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0026895X24051241?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0026895X24051241?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1124\/mol.105.018069","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,19]],"date-time":"2025-02-19T12:02:11Z","timestamp":1739966531000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0026895X24051241"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,3]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0026895X24051241"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1124\/mol.105.018069","relation":{},"ISSN":["0026-895X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0026-895X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Opposing Functions of Spinal M2, M3, and M4 Receptor Subtypes in Regulation of GABAergic Inputs to Dorsal Horn Neurons Revealed by Muscarinic Receptor Knockout Mice","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Molecular Pharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1124\/mol.105.018069","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2006 The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}