{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T12:32:22Z","timestamp":1773664342533,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"4996","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,2,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            The active site of voltage-activated potassium channels is a transmembrane aqueous pore that permits ions to permeate the cell membrane in a rapid yet highly selective manner. A useful probe for the pore of potassium-selective channels is the organic ion tetraethylammonium (TEA), which binds with millimolar affinity to the intracellular opening of the pore and blocks potassium current. In the potassium channel encoded by the\n            <jats:italic>Drosophila<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:italic>Shaker<\/jats:italic>\n            gene, an amino acid residue that specifically affects the affinity for intracellular TEA has now been identified by site-directed mutagenesis. This residue is in the middle of a conserved stretch of 18 amino acids that separates two locations that are both near the external opening of the pore. These findings suggest that this conserved region is intimately involved in the formation of the ion conduction pore of voltage-activated potassium channels. Further, a stretch of only eight amino acid residues must traverse 80 percent of the transmembrane electric potential difference.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2000494","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,5]],"date-time":"2006-10-05T22:10:16Z","timestamp":1160086216000},"page":"939-942","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":480,"title":["Mutations Affecting Internal TEA Blockade Identify the Probable Pore-Forming Region of a K\n            <sup>+<\/sup>\n            Channel"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"251","author":[{"given":"Gary","family":"Yellen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the Departments of Neuroscience and Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205."}]},{"given":"Mark E.","family":"Jurman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the Departments of Neuroscience and Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205."}]},{"given":"Tatiana","family":"Abramson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115."}]},{"given":"Roderick","family":"MacKinnon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115."}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.48.5.859","volume":"48","year":"1965","unstructured":"ARMSTRONG, C.M., ANOMALOUS RECTIFICATION IN SQUID GIANT AXON INJECTED WITH TETRAETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE, JOURNAL OF GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY 48: 859 (1965).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.50.2.491","volume":"50","year":"1966","unstructured":"ARMSTRONG, C.M., TIME COURSE OF TEA+-INDUCED ANOMALOUS RECTIFICATION IN SQUID GIANT AXONS, JOURNAL OF GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY 50: 491 (1966).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.54.5.553","volume":"54","year":"1969","unstructured":"ARMSTRONG, C.M., INACTIVATION OF POTASSIUM CONDUCTANCE AND RELATED PHENOMENA CAUSED BY QUATERNARY AMMONIUM ION INJECTION IN SQUID AXONS, JOURNAL OF GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY 54: 553 (1969).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.58.4.413","volume":"58","year":"1971","unstructured":"ARMSTRONG, C.M., INTERACTION OF TETRAETHYLAMMONIUM ION DERIVATIVES WITH POTASSIUM CHANNELS OF GIANT AXONS, JOURNAL OF GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY 58: 413 (1971).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.59.4.388","volume":"59","year":"1972","unstructured":"ARMSTRONG, C.M., INNER QUATERNARY AMMONIUM ION RECEPTOR IN POTASSIUM CHANNELS OF NODE OF RANVIER, JOURNAL OF GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY 59: 388 (1972).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.76.1.83","volume":"76","year":"1980","unstructured":"BEGENISICH, T.B., POTASSIUM FLUX RATIO IN VOLTAGE-CLAMPED SQUID GIANT-AXONS, JOURNAL OF GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY 76: 83 (1980).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2459775"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(90)90052-H","volume":"4","year":"1990","unstructured":"CHRISTIE, M.J., HETEROPOLYMERIC POTASSIUM CHANNELS EXPRESSED IN XENOPUS OOCYTES FROM CLONED SUBUNITS, NEURON 4: 405 (1990).","journal-title":"NEURON"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(81)84849-7","volume":"34","year":"1981","unstructured":"FRENCH, R.J., BLOCKAGE OF SQUID AXON POTASSIUM CONDUCTANCE BY INTERNAL TETRA-N-ALKYLAMMONIUM IONS OF VARIOUS SIZES, BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL 34: 271 (1981).","journal-title":"BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","unstructured":"Guy H. 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