{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T15:58:21Z","timestamp":1776527901680,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"41","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci. Robot."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Controlled volumetric expansion using magnetic induction enables actuation of pneumatic artificial muscles without valves or pumps.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.aaz4239","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,15]],"date-time":"2020-04-15T23:07:04Z","timestamp":1586992024000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":180,"title":["Actuation of untethered pneumatic artificial muscles and soft robots using magnetically induced liquid-to-gas phase transitions"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8062-6833","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Seyed M.","family":"Mirvakili","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Koch Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA."}]},{"given":"Douglas","family":"Sim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Advanced Materials and Process Engineering Laboratory, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada."}]},{"given":"Ian W.","family":"Hunter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BioInstrumentation Lab, Mechanical Engineering Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA."}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4255-0492","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Robert","family":"Langer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Koch Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA."},{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA."},{"name":"Division of Health Science and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA."},{"name":"Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA."}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201704407"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.7b02335"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","first-page":"101630S1","article-title":"A torsional artificial muscle from twisted nitinol microwire","volume":"10163","author":"Mirvakili S. M.","year":"2017","unstructured":"S. M. Mirvakili, I. W. Hunter, A torsional artificial muscle from twisted nitinol microwire. Proc. SPIE 10163, 101630S1\u2013101630S7 (2017).","journal-title":"Proc. SPIE"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03496"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0600079103"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2006.877113"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aao6139"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.aat1893"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.aar3276"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S. Sridar C. J. Majeika P. Schaffer M. Bowers S. Ueda A. J. Barth J. L. Sorrells J. T. Wu T. R. Hunt M. Popovic Hydro muscle\u2014A novel soft fluidic actuator in IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) (IEEE 2016) pp. 4014\u20134021.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICRA.2016.7487591"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1246906"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201604734"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0379-6779(96)80158-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.5b09981"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201606109"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep24462"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/soro.2016.0029"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/admt.201600055"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sna.2011.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E. W. Hawkes D. L. Christensen and A. M. Okamura Design and implementation of a 300% strain soft artificial muscle in IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) Stockholm (IEEE 2016) pp. 4022\u20134029.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICRA.2016.7487592"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201704446"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41928-018-0024-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1713450114"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aab0129"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature19100"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-00685-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0964-1726\/22\/9\/094022"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sna.2008.12.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5TB02715B"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sna.2014.11.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1045389X16633766"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-16265-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1045389X9700800704"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmmm.2013.04.062"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","unstructured":"Buy Fluidic Muscle DMSP online Festo USA (available at https:\/\/www.festo.com\/rep\/en_corp\/assets\/pdf\/info_501_en.pdf)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.7b01209"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0185-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E. Natividad I. Andreu Characterization of magnetic hyperthermia in Magnetic Characterization Techniques for Nanomaterials C. S. S. R. Kumar Ed. (Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2017) pp. 261\u2013303.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-52780-1_8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-8853(99)00145-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/37.833638"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K. Dill S. Bromberg Molecular Driving Forces: Statistical Thermodynamics in Biology Chemistry Physics and Nanoscience (Garland Science ed. 2 2010).","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203809075"}],"container-title":["Science Robotics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/scirobotics.aaz4239","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,16]],"date-time":"2024-01-16T12:23:47Z","timestamp":1705407827000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/scirobotics.aaz4239"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,15]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"41","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/scirobotics.aaz4239"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/scirobotics.aaz4239","relation":{},"ISSN":["2470-9476"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2470-9476","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,15]]},"article-number":"eaaz4239"}}