{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T16:34:31Z","timestamp":1777134871153,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"53","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,28]],"date-time":"2022-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651104000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"https:\/\/www.sciencemag.org\/about\/science-licenses-journal-article-reuse"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1944816"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1944816"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci. Robot."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>How can the field of soft robotics have impact in the next decade?<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.abg6049","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]],"date-time":"2021-04-28T19:15:02Z","timestamp":1619637302000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":147,"title":["Hard questions for soft robotics"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0420-5025","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Elliot W.","family":"Hawkes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carmel","family":"Majidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7821-7777","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michael T.","family":"Tolley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000312240507000202"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respol.2012.03.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741-6248.2002.00337.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibtech.2013.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","unstructured":"More help for polio victims Buckingham Post originally from Newsweek (1958)."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","unstructured":"B. an On Theory and Practice of Robots and Manipulators (Springer 1974)."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","unstructured":"J. F. Wilson I. Norio Bellows-type springs for robotics Proc. Adv. Spring Technol. JSSE 60th Anniversary Int. Symp . 109\u2013119 (2007)."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/37.120448"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","unstructured":"G. A. Pratt M. M. Williamson Series elastic actuators in Proceedings of the 1995 IEEE\/RJS International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems ( IEEE 1995)."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R. J. Full Biological inspiration: Lessons from many-legged locomotors in Robotics Research J. M. Hollerbach D. E. Koditschek Eds. (Springer 2000).","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4471-0765-1_41"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2009.0013"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-4359(05)80003-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/soro.2017.0135"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","unstructured":"Novel design principles and technologies for a new generation of high hexterity soft-bodied robots inspired by the morphology and behaviour of the octopus; http:\/\/octopus-project.eu\/about.html."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/soro.2014.0012"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_17_2","unstructured":"S. S. Crump Apparatus and method for creating three-dimensional objects U.S. Patent 5 121 329 (1989)."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-3182\/4\/1\/015006"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201006464"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1116564108"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1003250107"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14543"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/soro.2013.0007"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2011.12.030"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/soro.2013.0001"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. Verl A. Albu-Sch\u00e4ffer O. Brock A. Raatz Soft Robotics: Transferring Theory to Application (Springer-Verlag 2015).","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-44506-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MRA.2015.2448277"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2366316.2366335"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/soro.2016.29010.jsc"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/soro.2013.0003"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.aah3690"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C. Laschi \u201cSoft robotics research challenges and innovation potential through showcases \u201d in Soft Robotics (Springer 2015) pp. 255\u2013264.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-44506-8_21"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.aar7650"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_34_2","unstructured":"D. V. Herlihy Bicycle: The History (Yale Univ. Press 2005) vol. 42."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.135.3.7384437"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)71935-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_37_2","unstructured":"Interventional cardiology market analysis size trends (2018); https:\/\/idataresearch.com\/product\/interventional-cardiology-market-united-states\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_38_2","unstructured":"Foley catheters market (2018); https:\/\/transparencymarketresearch.com\/foley-catheter-market.html."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.matsci.28.1.153"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2009.234"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.288.5463.113"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1076996"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_43_2","unstructured":"Microfluidics market size share and trends analysis report by application by technology by material (2020); https:\/\/grandviewresearch.com\/industry-analysis\/microfluidics-market."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_44_2","article-title":"Twelve principles of efficiency","author":"Emerson H.","year":"1912","unstructured":"H. Emerson, Twelve principles of efficiency. J. Polit. Econ. (1912).","journal-title":"J. Polit. Econ."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2013.04.070"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.30.5.654"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/end.1993.7.89"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1109173"}],"container-title":["Science Robotics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1126\/scirobotics.abg6049","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/scirobotics.abg6049","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,16]],"date-time":"2024-01-16T11:00:05Z","timestamp":1705402805000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/scirobotics.abg6049"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"53","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/scirobotics.abg6049"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/scirobotics.abg6049","relation":{},"ISSN":["2470-9476"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2470-9476","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]]},"article-number":"eabg6049"}}