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A four-degree-of-freedom end effector is interfaced with the rat\u2019s wrist, enabling unassisted to fully assisted execution of natural reaching and retrieval movements covering the entire body workspace. Multimodal recording capabilities permit precise quantification of upper limb movement recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI), which allowed us to uncover adaptations in corticospinal tract neuron dynamics underlying this recovery. Personalized movement assistance supported early neurorehabilitation that improved recovery after SCI. Last, the platform provided a well-controlled and practical environment to develop an implantable spinal cord neuroprosthesis that improved upper limb function after SCI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.abk2378","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,30]],"date-time":"2022-03-30T17:58:27Z","timestamp":1648663107000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Preclinical upper limb neurorobotic platform to assess, rehabilitate, and develop therapies"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6425-9167","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Maria","family":"Pasquini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biorobotics Institute and Department of Excellence in Robotics and AI, Scuola Superiore Sant\u2019anna, Pisa, Italy."},{"name":"Bertarelli Foundation Chair in Translational Neuroengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics and Institute of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5233-8677","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nicholas D.","family":"James","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neuroprosthetics and Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland."},{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Switzerland."},{"name":"Defitech Center for Interventional Neurotherapies (.NeuroRestore), EPFL\/CHUV\/UNIL, Lausanne, Switzerland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9544-4285","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Inssia","family":"Dewany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neuroprosthetics and Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, Ecole 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Sant\u2019anna, Pisa, Italy."},{"name":"Bertarelli Foundation Chair in Translational Neuroengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics and Institute of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5744-4142","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gr\u00e9goire","family":"Courtine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neuroprosthetics and Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland."},{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Switzerland."},{"name":"Defitech Center for Interventional Neurotherapies (.NeuroRestore), EPFL\/CHUV\/UNIL, Lausanne, 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