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The presented devices show synaptic behavior under pulse stimuli, exhibiting excitatory (inhibitory) post-synaptic current, spiking rate-dependent plasticity, and short-term to long-term memory transition. The as-realized transistors demonstrate excellent bio-like synaptic behavior and show great potential for in-hardware learning. This is demonstrated through a prototype computational e-skin, comprising event-driven sensors, synaptic transistors, and spiking neurons that bestow biological skin-like haptic sensations to a robotic hand. With associative learning, the presented computational e-skin could gradually acquire a human body\u2013like pain reflex. The learnt behavior could be strengthened through practice. Such a peripheral nervous system\u2013like localized learning could substantially reduce the data latency and decrease the cognitive load on the robotic platform.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.abl7286","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T17:54:03Z","timestamp":1654106043000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":132,"title":["Printed synaptic transistor\u2013based electronic skin for robots to feel and learn"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9909-4267","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fengyuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bendable Electronics and Sensing Technologies (BEST) group, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, UK."}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5034-925X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sweety","family":"Deswal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bendable Electronics and Sensing Technologies (BEST) group, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, UK."}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2597-9676","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Adamos","family":"Christou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bendable Electronics and Sensing Technologies (BEST) group, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, UK."}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3685-5441","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mahdieh","family":"Shojaei Baghini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bendable Electronics and Sensing Technologies (BEST) group, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, UK."}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3948-0000","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Radu","family":"Chirila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bendable Electronics and Sensing Technologies (BEST) group, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, UK."}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5474-5540","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dhayalan","family":"Shakthivel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bendable Electronics and Sensing Technologies (BEST) group, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, UK."}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7080-1466","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Moupali","family":"Chakraborty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bendable Electronics and Sensing Technologies (BEST) group, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, UK."}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3858-3841","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ravinder","family":"Dahiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bendable Electronics and Sensing Technologies (BEST) group, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, UK."}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TRO.2020.3031264"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S. 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