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Although electrical stimulation studies have demonstrated encouraging pacing and entraining of the intestinal slow waves, no devices exist today to enable targeted intestinal reanimation. Here, we developed an ingestible self-propelling device for intestinal reanimation (INSPIRE) capable of restoring peristalsis through luminal electrical stimulation. Optimizing mechanical, material, and electrical design parameters, we validated optimal deployment, intestinal electrical luminal contact, self-propelling capability, safety, and degradation of the device in ex vivo and in vivo swine models. We compared the INSPIRE\u2019s effect on motility in models of normal and depressed motility and chemically induced ileus. Intestinal contraction improved by 44% in anesthetized animals and up to 140% in chemically induced ileus cases. In addition, passage time decreased from, on average, 8.6 days in controls to 2.5 days with the INSPIRE device, demonstrating significant improvement in motility. Luminal electrical stimulation of the intestine via the INSPIRE efficaciously restored peristaltic activity. This noninvasive option offers a promising solution for the treatment of ileus and other motility disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.adh8170","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,28]],"date-time":"2024-02-28T18:58:31Z","timestamp":1709146711000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["An ingestible self-propelling device for intestinal reanimation"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2508-1324","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shriya S.","family":"Srinivasan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA."},{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA."},{"name":"David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA."}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1618-4575","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Julien","family":"Dosso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA."}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1921-8897","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hen-Wei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA."},{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA."},{"name":"David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA."}]},{"given":"George","family":"Selsing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA."},{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA."}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8813-2531","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Amro","family":"Alshareef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA."},{"name":"David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA."}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Kuosmanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA."}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0894-296X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Keiko","family":"Ishida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA."},{"name":"David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA."}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7698-9888","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Joshua","family":"Jenkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA."}]},{"given":"Wiam Abdalla Mohammed","family":"Madani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA."},{"name":"David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA."}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9581-8563","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alison","family":"Hayward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA."},{"name":"David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA."},{"name":"Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA."}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7851-4077","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Traverso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA."},{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA."},{"name":"David H. 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