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Using paraxial infrared illumination, simple image processing can localize the sensor location of the insect in a few milliseconds. When coupled with a feedback system to steer a high-magnification optical system to remain focused on the insect, a high\u2013spatiotemporal resolution trajectory can be gathered over a large region. As the basis for several robotic systems, we show that FLO is a versatile idea that can be used in combination with other components. We demonstrate that the optical path can be split and used for recording high-speed video. Furthermore, by flying an FLO system on a quadcopter drone, we track a flying honey bee and anticipate tracking insects in the wild over kilometer scales. Such systems have the capability to provide higher-resolution information about insects behaving in natural environments and as such will be helpful in revealing the biomechanical and neuroethological mechanisms used by insects in natural settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.adm7689","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]],"date-time":"2024-10-16T14:00:35Z","timestamp":1729087235000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["High-resolution outdoor videography of insects using Fast Lock-On tracking"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5065-5887","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"T. Thang","family":"Vo-Doan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biology I, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universit\u00e4t Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany."}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3000-8471","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Victor V.","family":"Titov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biology I, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universit\u00e4t Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany."}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0515-2348","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michael J. M.","family":"Harrap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biology I, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universit\u00e4t Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany."}]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Lochner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biology I, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universit\u00e4t Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany."}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8381-0858","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andrew D.","family":"Straw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biology I, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universit\u00e4t Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany."},{"name":"Bernstein Center Freiburg, Albert-Ludwigs-Universit\u00e4t Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany."}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2006.3721"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2023989118"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","unstructured":"K. von Frisch The Dance Language and Orientation of Bees (Harvard Univ. 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