{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T08:46:01Z","timestamp":1793090761490,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"11","funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of China","award":["award353208"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["award353208"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02kv4zf79","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of China","award":["2014ZX10004001004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014ZX10004001004"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02kv4zf79","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"NSFC\/RGC Joint Research Scheme","award":["award341714"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["award341714"]}]},{"name":"NSFC\/RGC Joint Research Scheme","award":["N_HKU728\/14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N_HKU728\/14"]}]},{"name":"Food and Health Bureau, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region","award":["award341712"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["award341712"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03qh32912","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Food and Health Bureau, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region","award":["14131392, 15140762"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["14131392, 15140762"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03qh32912","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Theme-Based Research Scheme,Research Grants Council","award":["award341716"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["award341716"]}]},{"name":"Theme-Based Research Scheme,Research Grants Council","award":["T11\/707\/15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T11\/707\/15"]}]},{"name":"Collaborative Research Fund, Research Grants Council","award":["award341715"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["award341715"]}]},{"name":"Collaborative Research Fund, Research Grants Council","award":["C7011-15R"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C7011-15R"]}]},{"name":"The German Research Foundation","award":["award353209"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["award353209"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/018mejw64","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"The German Research Foundation","award":["Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft grant DR772\/12-1 and DR772\/7-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft grant DR772\/12-1 and DR772\/7-2"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/018mejw64","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"European Commission project PREPARE","award":["award353210"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["award353210"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00k4n6c32","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"European Commission project PREPARE","award":["contract number 602525"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["contract number 602525"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00k4n6c32","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci. Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Human intestinal tract as an alternative route to acquire MERS-CoV infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aao4966","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,15]],"date-time":"2017-11-15T20:50:17Z","timestamp":1510779017000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":330,"title":["Human intestinal tract serves as an alternative infection route for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2948-3873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China."},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China."},{"name":"Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3003-0000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangyu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hin","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China."},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China."},{"name":"Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen Hoi-Ning","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent Kwok-Man","family":"Poon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bosco Ho-Yin","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0347-9104","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9503-6396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Man Chun","family":"Chiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yixin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3137-0886","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rex K. H.","family":"Au-Yeung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivy Hau-Yee","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shihui","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jasper Fuk-Woo","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China."},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China."},{"name":"Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China."},{"name":"Carol Yu Centre for Infection, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China."},{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1921-5824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kelvin Kai-Wang","family":"To","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China."},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China."},{"name":"Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China."},{"name":"Carol Yu Centre for Infection, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China."},{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziad A.","family":"Memish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Health and College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia."},{"name":"Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3605-0136","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor M.","family":"Corman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Virology, Charit\u00e9\u2013Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany."},{"name":"German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Berlin, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Drosten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Virology, Charit\u00e9\u2013Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany."},{"name":"German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Berlin, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan Fan-Ngai","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusen","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suet Yi","family":"Leung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2948-3873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kwok-Yung","family":"Yuen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China."},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China."},{"name":"Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China."},{"name":"Carol Yu Centre for Infection, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China."},{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1211721"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization MERS-CoV Outbreak Update (World Health Organization 2017); www.who.int\/emergencies\/mers-cov\/en\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(13)70204-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00102-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9081","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1519235113","article-title":"Unraveling the drivers of MERS-CoV transmission","volume":"113","author":"Cauchemez S.","year":"2016","unstructured":"S. Cauchemez, P. Nouvellet, A. Cori, T. Jombart, T. Garske, H. Clapham, S. Moore, H. L. Mills, H. Salje, C. Collins, I. Rodriquez-Barraquer, S. Riley, S. Truelove, H. Algarni, R. Alhakeem, K. AlHarbi, A. Turkistani, R. J. Aguas, D. A. T. Cummings, M. D. Van Kerkhove, C. A. Donnelly, J. Lessler, C. Fraser, A. Al-Barrak, N. M. Ferguson, Unraveling the drivers of MERS-CoV transmission. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 113, 9081\u20139086 (2016).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2012.141280"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20829","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES2014.19.23.20829","article-title":"Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) RNA and neutralising antibodies in milk collected according to local customs from dromedary camels, Qatar, April 2014","volume":"19","author":"Reusken C. B.","year":"2014","unstructured":"C. B. Reusken, E. A. Farag, M. Jonges, G. J. Godeke, A. M. El-Sayed, S. D. Pas, V. S. Raj, K. A. Mohran, H. A. Moussa, H. Ghobashy, F. Alhajri, A. K. Ibrahim, B. J. Bosch, S. K. Pasha, H. E. Al-Romaihi, M. Al-Thani, S. A. Al-Marri, M. M. AlHajri, B. L. Haagmans, M. P. Koopmans, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) RNA and neutralising antibodies in milk collected according to local customs from dromedary camels, Qatar, April 2014. Euro. Surveill. 19, 20829 (2014).","journal-title":"Euro. Surveill."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2007.140500","article-title":"Stability of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in milk","volume":"20","author":"van Doremalen N.","year":"2014","unstructured":"N. van Doremalen, T. Bushmaker, W. B. Karesh, V. J. Munster, Stability of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in milk. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 20, 1263\u20131264 (2014).","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2006.140402"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e181","DOI":"10.1038\/emm.2015.76","article-title":"Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: Transmission, virology and therapeutic targeting to aid in outbreak control","volume":"47","author":"Durai P.","year":"2015","unstructured":"P. Durai, M. Batool, M. Shah, S. Choi, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: Transmission, virology and therapeutic targeting to aid in outbreak control. Exp. Mol. Med. 47, e181 (2015).","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Med."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","first-page":"281","article-title":"Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: Epidemiology and disease control measures","volume":"7","author":"Al-Tawfiq J. A.","year":"2014","unstructured":"J. A. Al-Tawfiq, Z. A. Memish, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: Epidemiology and disease control measures. Infect. Drug Resist. 7, 281\u2013287 (2014).","journal-title":"Infect. Drug Resist."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2015.07.014","article-title":"Probable transmission chains of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus and the multiple generations of secondary infection in South Korea","volume":"38","author":"Lee S. S.","year":"2015","unstructured":"S. S. Lee, N. S. Wong, Probable transmission chains of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus and the multiple generations of secondary infection in South Korea. Int. J. Infect. Dis. 38, 65\u201367 (2015).","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES2013.18.38.20590"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ1020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","first-page":"738590","article-title":"Understanding viral transmission behavior via protein intrinsic disorder prediction: Coronaviruses","volume":"2012","author":"Goh G. K.-M.","year":"2012","unstructured":"G. K.-M. Goh, A. K. Dunker, V. N. Uversky, Understanding viral transmission behavior via protein intrinsic disorder prediction: Coronaviruses. J. Pathog. 2012, 738590 (2012).","journal-title":"J. Pathog."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","article-title":"Prediction of intrinsic disorder in MERS-CoV\/HCoV-EMC supports a high oral-fecal transmission","volume":"5","author":"Goh G. K.-M.","year":"2013","unstructured":"G. K.-M. Goh, A. K. Dunker, V. Uversky, Prediction of intrinsic disorder in MERS-CoV\/HCoV-EMC supports a high oral-fecal transmission. PLOS Curr. 5 (2013).","journal-title":"PLOS Curr."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ951","article-title":"Viral shedding and antibody response in 37 patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection","volume":"62","author":"Corman V. M.","year":"2016","unstructured":"V. M. Corman, A. M. Albarrak, A. S. Omrani, M. M. Albarrak, M. E. Farah, M. Almasri, D. Muth, A. Sieberg, B. Meyer, A. M. Assiri, T. Binger, K. Steinhagen, E. Lattwein, J. Al-Tawfiq, M. A. M\u00fcller, C. Drosten, Z. A. Memish, Viral shedding and antibody response in 37 patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection. Clin. Infect. Dis. 62, 477\u2013483 (2016).","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2011.07.050"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2983"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2015.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00159-12","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00159-12","article-title":"Stem cell-derived human intestinal organoids as an infection model for rotaviruses","volume":"3","author":"Finkbeiner S. R.","year":"2012","unstructured":"S. R. Finkbeiner, X.-L. Zeng, B. Utama, R. L. Atmar, N. F. Shroyer, M. K. Estes, Stem cell-derived human intestinal organoids as an infection model for rotaviruses. MBio 3, e00159-12 (2012).","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2013.00079"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0145561","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0145561","article-title":"Multi-organ damage in human dipeptidyl peptidase 4 transgenic mice infected with Middle East respiratory syndrome-coronavirus","volume":"10","author":"Zhao G.","year":"2015","unstructured":"G. Zhao, Y. Jiang, H. Qiu, T. Gao, Y. Zeng, Y. Guo, H. Yu, J. Li, Z. Kou, L. Du, W. Tan, S. Jiang, S. Sun, Y. Zhou, Multi-organ damage in human dipeptidyl peptidase 4 transgenic mice infected with Middle East respiratory syndrome-coronavirus. PLOS ONE 10, e0145561 (2015).","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02009-15","article-title":"Characterization and demonstration of the value of a lethal mouse model of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection and disease","volume":"90","author":"Tao X.","year":"2015","unstructured":"X. Tao, T. Garron, A. S. Agrawal, A. Algaissi, B.-H. Peng, M. Wakamiya, T.-S. Chan, L. Lu, L. Du, S. Jiang, R. B. Couch, C.-T. Tseng, Characterization and demonstration of the value of a lethal mouse model of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection and disease. J. Virol. 90, 57\u201367 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiv499","article-title":"Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus causes multiple organ damage and lethal disease in mice transgenic for human dipeptidyl peptidase 4","volume":"213","author":"Li K.","year":"2016","unstructured":"K. Li, C. Wohlford-Lenane, S. Perlman, J. Zhao, A. K. Jewell, L. R. Reznikov, K. N. Gibson-Corley, D. K. Meyerholz, P. B. McCray Jr, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus causes multiple organ damage and lethal disease in mice transgenic for human dipeptidyl peptidase 4. J. Infect. Dis. 213, 712\u2013722 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(14)70831-X","article-title":"Emerging viral respiratory tract infections\u2014Environmental risk factors and transmission","volume":"14","author":"Gautret P.","year":"2014","unstructured":"P. Gautret, G. C. Gray, R. N. Charrel, N. G. Odezulu, J. A. Al-Tawfiq, A. Zumla, Z. A. Memish, Emerging viral respiratory tract infections\u2014Environmental risk factors and transmission. Lancet Infect. Dis. 14, 1113\u20131122 (2014).","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5300","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.03496-12","article-title":"Human cell tropism and innate immune system interactions of human respiratory coronavirus EMC compared to those of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus","volume":"87","author":"Zielecki F.","year":"2013","unstructured":"F. Zielecki, M. Weber, M. Eickmann, L. Spiegelberg, A. M. Zaki, M. Matrosovich, S. Becker, F. Weber, Human cell tropism and innate immune system interactions of human respiratory coronavirus EMC compared to those of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. J. Virol. 87, 5300\u20135304 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6604","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00009-13","article-title":"Tropism of and innate immune responses to the novel human betacoronavirus lineage C virus in human ex vivo respiratory organ cultures","volume":"87","author":"Chan R. W. Y.","year":"2013","unstructured":"R. W. Y. Chan, M. C. W. Chan, S. Agnihothram, L. L. Y. Chan, D. I. T. Kuok, J. H. M. Fong, Y. Guan, L. L. M. Poon, R. S. Baric, J. M. Nicholls, J. S. M. Peiris, Tropism of and innate immune responses to the novel human betacoronavirus lineage C virus in human ex vivo respiratory organ cultures. J. Virol. 87, 6604\u20136614 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-015-0446-6","article-title":"Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection: Virus-host cell interactions and implications on pathogenesis","volume":"12","author":"Zhou J.","year":"2015","unstructured":"J. Zhou, H. Chu, J. F.-W. Chan, K.-Y. Yuen, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection: Virus-host cell interactions and implications on pathogenesis. Virol. J. 12, 218 (2015).","journal-title":"Virol. J."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","unstructured":"P. J. Quin B. K. Markey F. C. Leonard E. S. Fitzpatrick S. Fanning P. Hartigan Veterinary Microbiology and Microbial Disease (Wiley-Blackwell ed. 2 2011)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2725","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-66-12-2725","article-title":"Rapid inactivation of rotaviruses by exposure to acid buffer or acidic gastric juice","volume":"66","author":"Weiss C.","year":"1985","unstructured":"C. Weiss, H. F. Clark, Rapid inactivation of rotaviruses by exposure to acid buffer or acidic gastric juice. J. Gen. Virol. 66 (Pt. 12), 2725\u20132730 (1985).","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1306742"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1303729"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20502","DOI":"10.2807\/ese.18.24.20502-en","article-title":"First cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infections in France, investigations and implications for the prevention of human-to-human transmission, France, May 2013","volume":"18","author":"Mailles A.","year":"2013","unstructured":"A. Mailles, K. Blanckaert, P. Chaud, S. van der Werf, B. Lina, V. Caro, C. Campese, B. Gu\u00e9ry, H. Prouvost, X. Lemaire, M. C. Paty, S. Haeghebaert, D. Antoine, N. Ettahar, H. Noel, S. Behillil, S. Hendricx, J. C. Manuguerra, V. Enouf, G. La Ruche, C. Semaille, B. Coignard, D. L\u00e9vy-Bruhl, F. Weber, C. Saura, D. Che; Collective The investigation team, First cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infections in France, investigations and implications for the prevention of human-to-human transmission, France, May 2013. Euro. Surveill. 18, 20502 (2013).","journal-title":"Euro. Surveill."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4673","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00148-11","article-title":"Systemic dissemination of H5N1 influenza A viruses in ferrets and hamsters after direct intragastric inoculation","volume":"85","author":"Shinya K.","year":"2011","unstructured":"K. Shinya, A. Makino, H. Tanaka, M. Hatta, T. Watanabe, M. Q. Le, H. Imai, Y. Kawaoka, Systemic dissemination of H5N1 influenza A viruses in ferrets and hamsters after direct intragastric inoculation. J. Virol. 85, 4673\u20134678 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S164","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21052","article-title":"Hepatitis A virus: From discovery to vaccines","volume":"43","author":"Martin A.","year":"2006","unstructured":"A. Martin, S. M. Lemon, Hepatitis A virus: From discovery to vaccines. Hepatology 43, S164\u2013S172 (2006).","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1086\/374222","article-title":"An outbreak of coronavirus OC43 respiratory infection in Normandy, France","volume":"36","author":"Vabret A.","year":"2003","unstructured":"A. Vabret, T. Mourez, S. Gouarin, J. Petitjean, F. Freymuth, An outbreak of coronavirus OC43 respiratory infection in Normandy, France. Clin. Infect. Dis. 36, 985\u2013989 (2003).","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)13077-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gastro.2003.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1009.040058"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1560","article-title":"Organ distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in SARS patients: Implications for pathogenesis and virus transmission pathways","volume":"203","author":"Ding Y.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Y. Ding, L. He, Q. Zhang, Z. Huang, X. Che, J. Hou, H. Wang, H. Shen, L. Qiu, Z. Li, J. Geng, J. Cai, H. Han, X. Li, W. Kang, D. Weng, P. Liang, S. Jiang, Organ distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in SARS patients: Implications for pathogenesis and virus transmission pathways. J. Pathol. 203, 622\u2013630 (2004).","journal-title":"J. Pathol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2008.79","article-title":"Crossing barriers: Infections of the lung and the gut","volume":"2","author":"Openshaw P. J.","year":"2009","unstructured":"P. J. Openshaw, Crossing barriers: Infections of the lung and the gut. Mucosal Immunol. 2, 100\u2013102 (2009).","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2010.04.005","article-title":"Bovine respiratory coronavirus","volume":"26","author":"Saif L. J.","year":"2010","unstructured":"L. J. Saif, Bovine respiratory coronavirus. Vet. Clin. North Am. Food Anim. Pract. 26, 349\u2013364 (2010).","journal-title":"Vet. Clin. North Am. Food Anim. Pract."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jit504"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24362","article-title":"Kr\u00fcppel-like factor 15 activates hepatitis B virus gene expression and replication","volume":"54","author":"Zhou J.","year":"2011","unstructured":"J. Zhou, T. Tan, Y. Tian, B. Zheng, J.-H. Ou, E. J. Huang, T. S. B. Yen, Kr\u00fcppel-like factor 15 activates hepatitis B virus gene expression and replication. Hepatology 54, 109\u2013121 (2011).","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiv380"}],"container-title":["Science Advances"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/sciadv.aao4966","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,26]],"date-time":"2025-06-26T21:10:50Z","timestamp":1750972250000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/sciadv.aao4966"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,3]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/sciadv.aao4966"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.aao4966","relation":{},"ISSN":["2375-2548"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2375-2548","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,3]]},"article-number":"eaao4966"}}