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Transfection with sr39 enables cancer cell killing with the prodrug ganciclovir and accumulation of 9-(4-\n                    <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                    F-fluoro-3-hydroxymethylbutyl)guanine (\n                    <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                    F-FHBG) for in vivo imaging. Targeting was achieved using a CpG-free human alpha fetoprotein (AFP) promoter (CpGf-AFP-sr39). Expression was restricted to AFP-producing HCC cells, enabling selective transfection of orthotopic HCC xenografts. CpGf-AFP-sr39 NP treatment resulted in 62% reduced tumor size, and therapeutic gene expression was detectable by positron emission tomography (PET). This systemic nanomedicine achieved tumor-specific delivery, therapy, and imaging, representing a promising platform for targeted treatment of HCC.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abo6406","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,20]],"date-time":"2022-07-20T13:57:21Z","timestamp":1658325441000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Polymeric nanoparticles for dual-targeted theranostic gene delivery to hepatocellular carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3463-9833","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hannah J.","family":"Vaughan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA."},{"name":"Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2365-7908","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Camila G.","family":"Zamboni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA."},{"name":"Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0847-9867","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Laboni F.","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA."},{"name":"Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas P.","family":"Radant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA."},{"name":"Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Desmond","family":"Jacob","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Russell H. 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