{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T00:45:56Z","timestamp":1793666756409,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"22","content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sci. Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by autoreactive immune cells damaging myelinated nerves, impairing brain function. Treatments aim for tolerance induction to reeducate the immune system to recognize myelin as \u201cself\u201d rather than \u201cforeign.\u201d As peripheral immune tolerance is primarily mediated by regulatory T cells (T\n                    <jats:sub>regs<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), we developed a therapy to support T\n                    <jats:sub>reg<\/jats:sub>\n                    expansion and activity in vivo. To target, engage, and activate myelin-specific T\n                    <jats:sub>regs<\/jats:sub>\n                    , we designed a biodegradable microparticle (MP) loaded with rapamycin and functionalized with a biased interleukin-2 (IL-2) fusion protein and a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II loaded with a myelin peptide. These tolerogenic MPs (Tol-MPs) were validated in vitro and then evaluated in a mouse model of MS, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Tol-MPs promoted sustained disease reversal in 100% of mice and full recovery in 38% of mice with symptomatic EAE. Tol-MPs are a promising platform for treatment of autoimmune diseases.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.add8693","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,2]],"date-time":"2023-06-02T13:58:43Z","timestamp":1685714323000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Bioengineered particles expand myelin-specific regulatory T cells and reverse autoreactivity in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7564-0481","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kelly R.","family":"Rhodes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA."},{"name":"Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7561-482X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Stephany Y.","family":"Tzeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA."},{"name":"Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7523-5950","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marcos","family":"Iglesias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongwoo","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA."},{"name":"Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8911-2364","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kaitlyn","family":"Storm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA."},{"name":"Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7849-5603","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sarah Y.","family":"Neshat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA."},{"name":"Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0494-7184","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Derek","family":"VanDyke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA."},{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shirley M.","family":"Lowmaster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA."},{"name":"Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA."},{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 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