{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T16:43:47Z","timestamp":1790786627066,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"20","content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sci. Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Research in the multidisciplinary field of neuroeconomics has mainly been driven by two influential theories regarding human economic choice: prospect theory, which describes decision-making under risk, and reinforcement learning theory, which describes learning for decision-making. We hypothesized that these two distinct theories guide decision-making in a comprehensive manner. Here, we propose and test a decision-making theory under uncertainty that combines these highly influential theories. Collecting many gambling decisions from laboratory monkeys allowed for reliable testing of our model and revealed a systematic violation of prospect theory\u2019s assumption that probability weighting is static. Using the same experimental paradigm in humans, substantial similarities between these species were uncovered by various econometric analyses of our dynamic prospect theory model, which incorporates decision-by-decision learning dynamics of prediction errors into static prospect theory. Our model provides a unified theoretical framework for exploring a neurobiological model of economic choice in human and nonhuman primates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.ade7972","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]],"date-time":"2023-05-19T13:58:22Z","timestamp":1684504702000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Dynamic prospect theory: Two core decision theories coexist in the gambling behavior of monkeys and humans"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0521-8477","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Tymula","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Economics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6092-3662","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xueting","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Economics, Finance and Marketing, College of Business and Law, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 2476, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5922-1893","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yuri","family":"Imaizumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tenno-dai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Kawai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biomedical Science, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tenno-dai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8003-0650","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jun","family":"Kunimatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biomedical Science, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tenno-dai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan."},{"name":"Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tenno-dai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan."},{"name":"Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tenno-dai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0832-1565","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Masayuki","family":"Matsumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biomedical Science, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tenno-dai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan."},{"name":"Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tenno-dai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan."},{"name":"Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tenno-dai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8155-8847","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Yamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biomedical Science, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tenno-dai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan."},{"name":"Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tenno-dai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan."},{"name":"Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tenno-dai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","unstructured":"P. W. Glimcher C. F. Camerer E. Fehr R. A. Poldrack Neuroeconomics: Decision Making and the Brain P. W. Glimcher C. F. Camerer E. Fehr R. A. Poldrack Eds. (Elsevier Press 2008)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/0022051053737843"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1914185"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","unstructured":"R. S. Sutton A. G. Barto Reinforcement Learning (The MIT Press 1998)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/NECO_a_00600"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.42.12.1676"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3982\/ECTA7139"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.46.11.1497.12080"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1016316725855"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10683-008-9203-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jebo.2010.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1308718110"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3653-14.2015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2260-17.2018"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1454-18.2018"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2019.0668"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2009.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9280.2008.02193.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.16-05-01936.1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.275.5306.1593"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-psych-122414-033625"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4506"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2020.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-33579-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10071-008-0186-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1987-20.2020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2951750"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2017.05.041"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10683-022-09749-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2218-11.2011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2010.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-012-3054-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/aer.101.2.664"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1256254"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1890"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.111.2.430"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/dec0000020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1094285"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00289.2012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-017-1713-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"N. Kettlewell F. Rijsdijk S. Siribaddana A. Sumathipala A. Tymula H. Zavos N. Glozier Civil war natural disaster and risk preferences: Evidence from Sri Lankan twins (IZA Discussion Paper No. 11901 2018).","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3286160"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroecorev.2021.103889"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5296-08.2009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2870-08.2008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-51442-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-46975-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2019.00816"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11166-013-9179-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. C. Houk J. L. Adams A. G. Barto Models of Information Processing in the Basal Ganglia J. C. Houk J. L. Davis D. G. Beiser Eds. (The MIT Press 1995) pp. 249\u2013270.","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/4708.003.0020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0955-20.2020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1602217113"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-3472(80)80142-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/beheco\/10.3.338"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-02417-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-12792-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2018.07.043"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.23880"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-02614-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-65914-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2020.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2019.0665"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40881-015-0004-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2998573"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.94.2.236"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G. W. Harrison E. E. Rutstr\u00f6m Handbook of Experimental Economics Results in Experimental Evidence on the Existence of Hypothetical Bias in Value Elicitation Methods (Elsevier 2008) vol. 1 pp. 752\u2013767.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1574-0722(07)00081-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0049124104268644"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11166-014-9185-0"}],"container-title":["Science Advances"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/sciadv.ade7972","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,9]],"date-time":"2024-01-09T18:00:52Z","timestamp":1704823252000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/sciadv.ade7972"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]]},"references-count":67,"journal-issue":{"issue":"20","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/sciadv.ade7972"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.ade7972","relation":{},"ISSN":["2375-2548"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2375-2548","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-09-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-04-14","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-05-19","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"eade7972"}}