{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T10:16:17Z","timestamp":1792059377366,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sci. Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Acoustic waves exert forces when they interact with matter. Shaping ultrasound fields precisely in 3D thus allows control over the force landscape and should permit particulates to fall into place to potentially form whole 3D objects in \u201cone shot.\u201d This is promising for rapid prototyping, most notably biofabrication, since conventional methods are typically slow and apply mechanical or chemical stress on biological cells. Here, we realize the generation of compact holographic ultrasound fields and demonstrate the one-step assembly of matter using acoustic forces. We combine multiple holographic fields that drive the contactless assembly of solid microparticles, hydrogel beads, and biological cells inside standard labware. The structures can be fixed via gelation of the surrounding medium. In contrast to previous work, this approach handles matter with positive acoustic contrast and does not require opposing waves, supporting surfaces or scaffolds. We envision promising applications of 3D holographic ultrasound fields in tissue engineering and additive manufacturing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adf6182","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,8]],"date-time":"2023-02-08T13:57:26Z","timestamp":1675864646000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":124,"title":["Compact holographic sound fields enable rapid one-step assembly of matter in 3D"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7559-9420","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kai","family":"Melde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Micro, Nano and Molecular Systems Group, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstr. 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany."},{"name":"Institute for Molecular Systems Engineering and Advanced Materials, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2275-6672","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Heiner","family":"Kremer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Empirical Inference Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Max-Planck-Ring 4, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9676-6972","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Minghui","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Micro, Nano and Molecular Systems Group, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstr. 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany."},{"name":"Institute for Molecular Systems Engineering and Advanced Materials, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9939-9917","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Senne","family":"Seneca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Molecular Systems Engineering and Advanced Materials, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany."},{"name":"Department of Cellular Biophysics, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstr. 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Frey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Molecular Systems Engineering and Advanced Materials, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany."},{"name":"Department of Cellular Biophysics, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstr. 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilia","family":"Platzman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Molecular Systems Engineering and Advanced Materials, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany."},{"name":"Department of Cellular Biophysics, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstr. 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9040-7135","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Christian","family":"Degel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technical Ultrasound Department, Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Ensheimer Stra\u00dfe 48, 66386 St.\u00a0Ingbert, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5929-0346","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Daniel","family":"Schmitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technical Ultrasound Department, Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Ensheimer Stra\u00dfe 48, 66386 St.\u00a0Ingbert, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8177-0925","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bernhard","family":"Sch\u00f6lkopf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Empirical Inference Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Max-Planck-Ring 4, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8600-5958","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Peer","family":"Fischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Micro, Nano and Molecular Systems Group, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstr. 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany."},{"name":"Institute for Molecular Systems Engineering and Advanced Materials, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aao5496"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.58.003597"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1367-2630\/7\/1\/117"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41566-019-0393-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201904209"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-14630-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aau7114"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202105144"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-3029-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201704507"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201904181"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature19755"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.0c03754"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms9661"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1813047115"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.116.024301"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4992092"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201802649"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202200481"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1323048111"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4973190"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/5.989871"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optcom.2003.07.056"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/2040-8978\/15\/3\/035401"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.8.000705"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OPTICA.4.001306"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C6LC00502K"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-018-0222-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","first-page":"773","article-title":"On the forces acting on a small particle in an acoustical field in an ideal fluid","volume":"6","author":"Gor\u2019kov L. P.","year":"1962","unstructured":"L. P.\u00a0Gor\u2019kov, On the forces acting on a small particle in an acoustical field in an ideal fluid. Sov. Phys. Dokl. 6, 773\u2013775 (1962).","journal-title":"Sov. Phys. Dokl."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.4773924"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/10.0006739"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3355089.3356539"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.1c00622"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","unstructured":"J.\u00a0W.\u00a0Goodman Introduction to Fourier Optics (Roberts & Co. Publishers ed. 3 2005)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/58.585184"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.17.019662"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","first-page":"237","article-title":"A practical algorithm for the determination of phase from image and diffraction plane pictures","volume":"35","author":"Gerchberg R. W.","year":"1972","unstructured":"R. W.\u00a0Gerchberg, W. O.\u00a0Saxton, A practical algorithm for the determination of phase from image and diffraction plane pictures. Optik 35, 237\u2013246 (1972).","journal-title":"Optik"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R. Escalante M.\u00a0Raydan Alternating Projection Methods (Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics 2011).","DOI":"10.1137\/9781611971941"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.2015.2399924"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01447872"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R. Remmert Theory of Complex Functions Graduate in Texts Mathematics (Springer 1991).","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4612-0939-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","unstructured":"M. Abadi A.\u00a0Agarwal P.\u00a0Barham E.\u00a0Brevdo Z.\u00a0Chen C.\u00a0Citro G.\u00a0S.\u00a0Corrado A.\u00a0Davis J.\u00a0Dean M.\u00a0Devin S.\u00a0Ghemawat I.\u00a0Goodfellow A.\u00a0Harp G.\u00a0Irving M.\u00a0Isard Y.\u00a0Jia R.\u00a0Jozefowicz L.\u00a0Kaiser M.\u00a0Kudlur J.\u00a0Levenberg D.\u00a0Man\u00e9 R.\u00a0Monga S.\u00a0Moore D.\u00a0Murray C.\u00a0Olah M.\u00a0Schuster J.\u00a0Shlens B.\u00a0Steiner I.\u00a0Sutskever K.\u00a0Talwar P.\u00a0Tucker V.\u00a0Vanhoucke V.\u00a0Vasudevan F.\u00a0Vi\u00e9gas O.\u00a0Vinyals P.\u00a0Warden M.\u00a0Wattenberg M.\u00a0Wicke Y.\u00a0Yu X.\u00a0Zheng TensorFlow: Large-scale machine learning on heterogeneous systems (2015); tensorflow.org."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.385171"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c2lc21068a"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c1lc20687g"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2015.08.045"}],"container-title":["Science Advances"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/sciadv.adf6182","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,9]],"date-time":"2024-01-09T16:44:39Z","timestamp":1704818679000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/sciadv.adf6182"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,10]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/sciadv.adf6182"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.adf6182","relation":{},"ISSN":["2375-2548"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2375-2548","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-11-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-01-09","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-02-08","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"eadf6182"}}