{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T18:03:48Z","timestamp":1789149828321,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sci. Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The clouds of Venus are believed to be composed of sulfuric acid (H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    SO\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and minor constituents including iron-bearing compounds, and their respective concentrations vary with height in the thick Venusian atmosphere. This study experimentally investigates possible iron-bearing mineral phases that are stable under the unique conditions within Venusian clouds. Our results demonstrate that ferric iron can react with sulfuric acid to form two mineral phases: rhomboclase [(H\n                    <jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    )Fe(SO\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    )\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u00b73H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O] and acid ferric sulfate [(H\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    O)Fe(SO\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    )\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ]. A combination of these two mineral phases and dissolved Fe\n                    <jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup>\n                    in varying concentrations of sulfuric acid are shown to be good candidates for explaining the 200- to 300-nm and 300- to 500-nm features of the reported unknown UV absorber. We, therefore, hypothesize a rich and largely unexplored heterogeneous chemistry in the cloud droplets of Venus that has a large effect on the optical properties of the clouds and the behavior of trace gas species throughout Venus\u2019s atmosphere.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adg8826","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,3]],"date-time":"2024-01-03T13:58:17Z","timestamp":1704290297000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Iron-sulfur chemistry can explain the ultraviolet absorber in the clouds of Venus"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0399-6240","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Clancy Zhijian","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing St., Cambridge CB2 3EQ, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7180-081X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Paul B.","family":"Rimmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriella G.","family":"Lozano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard University, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4415-4231","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nicholas J.","family":"Tosca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing St., Cambridge CB2 3EQ, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corinna L.","family":"Kufner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard University, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7014-1771","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dimitar D.","family":"Sasselov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard University, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8039-194X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Samantha J.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11214-018-0552-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.icarus.2007.04.028"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.icarus.2011.06.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41550-020-1174-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2019JE006159"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3847\/PSJ\/ac0156"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3847\/PSJ\/ac63c2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0019-1035(82)90080-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/143130"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/JA085iA13p08039"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.icarus.2005.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2020GL091327"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","first-page":"16","article-title":"X-ray radiometric analysis of the cloud aerosol of Venus by the Vega 1 and 2 probes","volume":"25","author":"Andreychikov B.","year":"1987","unstructured":"B. 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