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Stimulated brush cells then trigger a long-range Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    wave spreading radially over the tracheal epithelium through a sequential signaling process. First, brush cells release acetylcholine, which excites nearby cells via muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. From there, the Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    wave propagates through gap junction signaling, reaching also distant ciliated and secretory cells. These effector cells translate activation into enhanced ciliary activity and Cl\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    secretion, which are synergistic in boosting mucociliary clearance, the major innate defense mechanism of the airways. Our data establish tracheal brush cells as a central hub in triggering a global epithelial defense program in response to a danger-associated metabolite.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adg8842","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,2]],"date-time":"2023-08-02T13:57:30Z","timestamp":1690984650000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["A succinate\/SUCNR1-brush cell defense program in the tracheal epithelium"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3143-4931","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alexander","family":"Perniss","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, German Center for Lung Research, Justus Liebig University Giessen; Giessen, Germany."},{"name":"Excellence Cluster The Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5026-3963","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Brett","family":"Boonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany."},{"name":"Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, VIB Center for Brain and Disease, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Tonack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moritz","family":"Thiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, German Center for Lung Research, Justus Liebig University Giessen; 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