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In this study, we investigated the effect of chronic stress on primary sensory axon regeneration using a preconditioning lesions mouse model. Our data revealed that chronic stress\u2013induced mitochondrial cristae loss and a decrease in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) within primary sensory neurons, impeding central axon regrowth. Corticosterone, a stress hormone, emerged as a pivotal player in this process, affecting satellite glial cells by reducing Kir4.1 expression. This led to increased neuronal hyperactivity and reactive oxygen species levels, which, in turn, deformed mitochondrial cristae and impaired OXPHOS, crucial for axonal regeneration. Our study underscores the need to manage psychological stress in patients with SCI for effective sensory-motor rehabilitation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adh0183","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,6]],"date-time":"2023-10-06T13:58:44Z","timestamp":1696600724000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Chronic stress hinders sensory axon regeneration via impairing mitochondrial cristae and OXPHOS"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-7947-8542","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yu","family":"Ruan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Songjiang Research Institute, Shanghai Songjiang District Central Hospital, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Cellular Homeostasis and Human Diseases, Shanghai Jiao 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