{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T13:19:11Z","timestamp":1792329551252,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"29","content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sci. Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Using a citizen science approach, we identify a country-wide exposure to aerosolized spores of a human fungal pathogen,\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , that has acquired resistance to the agricultural fungicide tebuconazole and first-line azole clinical antifungal drugs. Genomic analysis shows no distinction between resistant genotypes found in the environment and in patients, indicating that at least 40% of azole-resistant\n                    <jats:italic>A. fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    infections are acquired from environmental exposures. Hotspots and coldspots of aerosolized azole-resistant spores were not stable between seasonal sampling periods. This suggests a high degree of atmospheric mixing resulting in an estimated per capita cumulative annual exposure of 21 days (\u00b12.6). Because of the ubiquity of this measured exposure, it is imperative that we determine sources of azole-resistant\n                    <jats:italic>A. fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    to reduce treatment failure in patients with aspergillosis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adh8839","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,21]],"date-time":"2023-07-21T13:58:59Z","timestamp":1689947939000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Citizen science reveals landscape-scale exposures to multiazole-resistant\n                    <i>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/i>\n                    bioaerosols"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1429-6845","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jennifer M. G.","family":"Shelton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, UK."},{"name":"UK Centre for Ecology &amp; Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johanna","family":"Rhodes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4204-3485","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Christopher B.","family":"Uzzell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1362-6817","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Samuel","family":"Hemmings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amelie P.","family":"Brackin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas R.","family":"Sewell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9117-7164","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Asmaa","family":"Alghamdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK."},{"name":"Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0237-026X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Paul S.","family":"Dyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4474-2391","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mark","family":"Fraser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UK National Mycology Reference Laboratory, National Infections Service, Public Health England, Science Quarter, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0585-5721","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andrew M.","family":"Borman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UK National Mycology Reference Laboratory, National Infections Service, Public Health England, Science Quarter, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK."},{"name":"MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3100-6969","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Elizabeth M.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UK National Mycology Reference Laboratory, National Infections Service, Public Health England, Science Quarter, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK."},{"name":"MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8131-7728","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric B.","family":"Piel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NIHR HPRU in Environmental Exposures and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4705-6063","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andrew C.","family":"Singer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UK Centre for Ecology &amp; Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1862-6402","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Matthew C.","family":"Fisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.12.2.310"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-022-01091-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2018.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1507.090043"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0050219"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix297"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1710.110226"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy859"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc061720"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbr.2020.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.02061-21"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.00274-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","unstructured":"Environment Agency M9: Environmental Monitoring of Bioaerosols at Regulated Facilities (Environment Agency 2018)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","unstructured":"S. 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