{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T13:28:44Z","timestamp":1788960524256,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"47","content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sci. Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Thin-film ferroelectrics have been pursued for capacitive and nonvolatile memory devices. They rely on polarizations that are oriented in an out-of-plane direction to facilitate integration and addressability with complementary metal-oxide semiconductor architectures. The internal depolarization field, however, formed by surface charges can suppress the out-of-plane polarization in ultrathin ferroelectric films that could otherwise exhibit lower coercive fields and operate with lower power. Here, we unveil stabilization of a polar longitudinal optical (LO) mode in the\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 2 Ruddlesden\u2013Popper family that produces out-of-plane ferroelectricity, persists under open-circuit boundary conditions, and is distinct from hyperferroelectricity. Our first-principles calculations show the stabilization of the LO mode is ubiquitous in chalcogenides and halides and relies on anharmonic trilinear mode coupling. We further show that the out-of-plane ferroelectricity can be predicted with a crystallographic tolerance factor, and we use these insights to design a room-temperature multiferroic with strong magnetoelectric coupling suitable for magneto-electric spin-orbit transistors.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adi0138","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]],"date-time":"2023-11-22T18:59:11Z","timestamp":1700679551000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Out-of-plane ferroelectricity and robust magnetoelectricity in quasi-two-dimensional materials"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8650-846X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xue-Zeng","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, 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China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3911-9864","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Kageyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0508-2175","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"James M.","family":"Rondinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, 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