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Despite stringent filtering criteria excluding isoforms predicted to be artifacts, over half of the isoforms expressed in multiple samples across multiple regions were found to be unregistered in the GENCODE reference. We then especially focused on genes with different major isoforms in each brain region, even with similar overall expression levels, and identified that many of such genes including\n            <jats:italic>GAS7<\/jats:italic>\n            might have distinct roles in dendritic spine and neuronal formation in each region. We also found that DNA methylation might, in part, drive different isoform expressions in different regions. These findings highlight the significance of analyzing isoforms expressed in disease-relevant sites.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adj5279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]],"date-time":"2024-01-24T18:59:36Z","timestamp":1706122776000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Identification of region-specific gene isoforms in the human brain using long-read transcriptome sequencing"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8511-6640","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mihoko","family":"Shimada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Genome Medical Science Project (Toyama), National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM), Tokyo, Japan."},{"name":"Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM), Tokyo, Japan."},{"name":"Sleep Disorders Project, Department of Psychiatry and 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