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Using harbor porpoises as model organisms, we show that hunting small aquatic prey is energetically cheap (&lt;20% increase in FMR) for these marine predators, but it requires them to spend a large proportion (&gt;60%) of time foraging. We conclude that this grazing foraging strategy on small prey is viable for marine mammal predators despite their high FMR because they can hunt near continuously at low marginal expense. Consequently, cessation of foraging due to human disturbance comes at a high cost, as porpoises must maintain their high thermoregulation costs with a reduced energy intake.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adj7132","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]],"date-time":"2024-05-15T18:00:27Z","timestamp":1715796027000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Low hunting costs in an expensive marine mammal predator"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1438-0281","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Laia","family":"Rojano-Do\u00f1ate","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark."},{"name":"Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4376-4700","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jonas","family":"Teilmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3599-7440","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Danuta M.","family":"Wisniewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8776-3606","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Frants H.","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark."},{"name":"Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA."},{"name":"Biology Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ursula","family":"Siebert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5028-066X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Birgitte I.","family":"McDonald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5653-5096","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Siri L.","family":"Elmegaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark."},{"name":"Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8893-9842","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Signe","family":"Sveegaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9652-317X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rune","family":"Dietz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8424-3197","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mark","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark."},{"name":"Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5208-5259","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Peter T.","family":"Madsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/46266"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0050022"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2435.13649"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aax9044"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","first-page":"2103","article-title":"Examining predator-prey body size, trophic level and body mass across marine and terrestrial mammals","volume":"281","author":"Tucker M. 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