{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T01:39:05Z","timestamp":1792028345648,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sci. Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Two-dimensional van der Waals (vdW) magnetic materials hold promise for the development of high-density, energy-efficient spintronic devices for memory and computation. Recent breakthroughs in material discoveries and spin-orbit torque control of vdW ferromagnets have opened a path for integration of vdW magnets in commercial spintronic devices. However, a solution for field-free electric control of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) vdW magnets at room temperatures, essential for building compact and thermally stable spintronic devices, is still missing. Here, we report a solution for the field-free, deterministic, and nonvolatile switching of a PMA vdW ferromagnet, Fe\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    GaTe\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    , above room temperature (up to 320 K). We use the unconventional out-of-plane anti-damping torque from an adjacent WTe\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    layer to enable such switching with a low current density of 2.23 \u00d7 10\n                    <jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\n                    A cm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    . This study exemplifies the efficacy of low-symmetry vdW materials for spin-orbit torque control of vdW ferromagnets and provides an all-vdW solution for the next generation of scalable and energy-efficient spintronic devices.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adk8669","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,15]],"date-time":"2024-03-15T13:58:37Z","timestamp":1710511117000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":85,"title":["Field-free deterministic switching of all\u2013van der Waals spin-orbit torque system above room temperature"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8046-976X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shivam N.","family":"Kajale","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MIT Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3677-2160","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Thanh","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4156-6230","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nguyen Tuan","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA."},{"name":"Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7055-6368","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mingda","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9662-1666","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Deblina","family":"Sarkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MIT Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature22060"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature22391"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-018-0149-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2016.2601163"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmmm.2020.166711"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Spin-transfer torque devices for logic and memory: Prospects and perspectives","volume":"35","author":"Fong X.","year":"2015","unstructured":"X. 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Saito Quantum ESPRESSO Course for Solid-State Physics (Jenny Stanford Publishing 2022)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jctc.6b00114"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.77.3865"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.82.081101"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-8853(95)00936-1"}],"container-title":["Science Advances"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/sciadv.adk8669","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,15]],"date-time":"2024-03-15T13:59:37Z","timestamp":1710511177000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/sciadv.adk8669"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,15]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/sciadv.adk8669"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.adk8669","relation":{},"ISSN":["2375-2548"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2375-2548","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-09-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-02-08","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-03-15","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"eadk8669"}}