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We show that the genomics of sampled individuals from the Blackfoot Confederacy belong to a previously undescribed ancient lineage that diverged from other genomic lineages in the Americas in Late Pleistocene times. Using multiple complementary forms of knowledge, we provide a scenario for Blackfoot population history that fits with oral tradition and provides a plausible model for the evolutionary process of the peopling of the Americas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adl6595","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,3]],"date-time":"2024-04-03T17:58:27Z","timestamp":1712167107000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Genomic analyses correspond with deep persistence of peoples of Blackfoot Confederacy from glacial times"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0340-4495","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dorothy First","family":"Rider","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Blood (Kainai) First Nation, Stand Off, AB T0L 1Y0, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annabel Crop Eared","family":"Wolf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Blood (Kainai) First Nation, Stand Off, AB T0L 1Y0, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5981-1440","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"John","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Blackfeet Tribal Historic Preservation Office, Browning, MT 59417, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1223-6654","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alida","family":"de Flamingh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Indigenous Science, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5577-1967","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andre Luiz Campelo","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4627-140X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Lano\u00eb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bureau of Applied Research in Anthropology, School of Anthropology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3647-609X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Maria N.","family":"Zede\u00f1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bureau of Applied Research in Anthropology, School of Anthropology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4908-7234","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michael","family":"DeGiorgio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2533-8505","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"John","family":"Lindo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1484-0292","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ripan S.","family":"Malhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Indigenous Science, Carl R. 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Archaeol. 31, 55\u201378 (2007).","journal-title":"Canad. J. Archaeol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.02.040"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.add6142"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. Bardill A. C. Bader N. A. Garrison D. A. Bolnick J. A. Raff A. Walker R. S. Malhi Advancing the ethics of paleogenomics. [Preprint] (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.aaq1131.","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaq1131"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2111533119"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E. Kowal L. S. Weyrich J. M. Arg\u00fcelles A. C. Bader C. Colwell A. D. Cortez J. L. Davis G. Figueiro K. Fox R. S. Malhi E. Matisoo-Smith A. Nayak E. A. Nelson G. Nicholas M. A. Nieves-Col\u00f3n L. Russell S. Ulm F. Vergara-Silva F. A. Villanea J. K. Wagner J. M. Yracheta K. S. 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