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Here, we identified a unique AC subtype, dopaminergic ACs (DACs), that responded early after optic nerve crush by down-regulating neuronal activity and reducing retinal dopamine (DA) release. Activating DACs or augmenting DA release with levodopa demonstrated neuroprotective effects and modestly enhanced axon regeneration. Within this context, we pinpointed the DA receptor D1 (DRD1) as a critical mediator of DAC-derived DA and showed that RGC-specific\n                    <jats:italic>Drd1<\/jats:italic>\n                    overexpression effectively overcame subtype-specific barriers to regeneration. This strategy markedly boosted RGC survival and axon regeneration after crush and preserved vision in a glaucoma model. This study unveils the crucial role of DAC-derived DA signaling in optic nerve regeneration, holding promise for therapeutic insights into neural repair.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.ado0866","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]],"date-time":"2024-08-02T13:58:41Z","timestamp":1722607121000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Modulating amacrine cell\u2013derived dopamine signaling promotes optic nerve regeneration and preserves visual function"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8000-6319","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Qi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, 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