{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T13:50:27Z","timestamp":1787320227939,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"43","content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sci. Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Subjective well-being (SWB) is often described as being U-shaped over adulthood, declining to a midlife slump and then improving thereafter. Improved SWB in later adulthood has been considered a paradox given age-related declines in health and social losses. While SWB has mostly been studied in high-income countries, it remains largely unexplored in rural subsistence populations lacking formal institutions that reliably promote social welfare. Here, we evaluate the age profile of SWB among three small-scale subsistence societies (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 468; study 1), forest users from 23 low-income countries (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 6987; study 2), and Tsimane\u2019 horticulturalists (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 1872; study 3). Across multiple specifications, we find variability in SWB age profiles. In some cases, we find no age-related differences in SWB or even inverted U-shapes. Adjusting for confounders reduces observed age effects. Our findings highlight variability in average well-being trajectories over the life course. Ensuring successful aging will require a greater focus on cultural and socioecological determinants of individual trajectories.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.ado0952","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]],"date-time":"2024-10-23T13:58:43Z","timestamp":1729691923000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Subjective well-being across the life course among non-industrialized populations"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5661-527X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michael","family":"Gurven","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0058-4971","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yoann","family":"Buoro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8145-0967","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Daniel Eid","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA."},{"name":"Universidad de San Simon, Cochabamba, Bolivia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2554-4058","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Katherine","family":"Sayre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3201-0628","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Benjamin","family":"Trumble","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School for Human Evolution and Social Change, Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7095-5994","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Aili","family":"Pyh\u00e4l\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Development Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7398-7358","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hillard","family":"Kaplan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Economic Science Institute, Argyros School of Business and Economics, Chapman University, Orange, CA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6037-6849","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Arild","family":"Angelsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Economics and Business, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), \u00c5s, Norway."},{"name":"Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Bogor, Indonesia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5985-9643","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jonathan","family":"Stieglitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Toulouse School of Economics, Universit\u00e9 Toulouse 1 Capitole, Toulouse, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2914-8055","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Victoria","family":"Reyes-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Ci\u00e8ncia i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain."},{"name":"Instituci\u00f3 Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avan\u00e7ats, Barcelona, Spain."},{"name":"Departament d\u2019Antropologia Social i Cultural, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jebo.2016.04.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","first-page":"76","article-title":"Happiness and age\u2014Resolving the debate","volume":"263","author":"Blanchflower D. 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