{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T14:07:02Z","timestamp":1788271622559,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"33","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,14]],"date-time":"2024-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/content\/page\/science-licenses-journal-article-reuse"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sci. Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            The choline\u2013glycine betaine pathway plays an important role in bacterial survival in hyperosmotic environments. Osmotic activation of the choline transporter BetT promotes the uptake of external choline for synthesizing the osmoprotective glycine betaine. Here, we report the cryo\u2013electron microscopy structures of\n            <jats:italic>Pseudomonas syringae<\/jats:italic>\n            BetT in the apo and choline-bound states. Our structure shows that BetT forms a domain-swapped trimer with the C-terminal domain (CTD) of one protomer interacting with the transmembrane domain (TMD) of a neighboring protomer. The substrate choline is bound within a tryptophan prism at the central part of TMD. Together with functional characterization, our results suggest that in\n            <jats:italic>Pseudomonas<\/jats:italic>\n            species, including the plant pathogen\n            <jats:italic>P. syringae<\/jats:italic>\n            and the human pathogen\n            <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n            , BetT is locked at a low-activity state through CTD-mediated autoinhibition in the absence of osmotic stress, and its hyperosmotic activation involves the release of this autoinhibition.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.ado6229","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,14]],"date-time":"2024-08-14T18:00:39Z","timestamp":1723658439000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Structure and mechanism of the osmoregulated choline transporter 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200438, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianming","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-4820-1843","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ruiying","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7788-2123","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Longfei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0531-6843","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gwyn A.","family":"Beattie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Pathology, Entomology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-5131-2992","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jinru","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8375-6972","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Minrui","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAS Center for Excellence 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