{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T22:50:13Z","timestamp":1789080613243,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"36","content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sci. Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Pregnancies ending before 26 weeks contribute 1% of births but 40% of infant deaths in the United States. The rate of these \u201cperiviable\u201d births to non-Hispanic (NH) Black women exceeds four times that for NH whites. Small male periviable infants remain most likely to die. NH white periviable males weigh more than their NH Black counterparts. We argue that male infants born from twin gestations, in which one fetus died in utero (i.e., the vanishing twin syndrome), contribute to the disparity. We cannot directly test our argument because \u201cvanishing\u201d typically occurs before clinical recognition of pregnancy. We, however, describe and find associations that would emerge in vital statistics were our argument correct. Among male periviable singleton births from 288 monthly conception cohorts (January 1995 through December 2018), we found an average NH white advantage of 30 grams (759 grams versus 729 grams). Consistent with our argument, however, cohorts signaling relatively few survivors of the vanishing twin syndrome showed no disparity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.ado6691","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,6]],"date-time":"2024-09-06T17:58:55Z","timestamp":1725645535000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Vanishing twins, spared cohorts, and the birthweight of periviable infants born to Black and white women in the United States"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7240-415X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ralph","family":"Catalano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0702-2344","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Allison","family":"Stolte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health, Society, and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9809-4695","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Joan","family":"Casey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5879-9730","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alison","family":"Gemmill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hedwig","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sociology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4784-6292","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Brenda","family":"Bustos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Bruckner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health, Society, and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA."},{"name":"Center for Population, Inequality, and Policy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-2471"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41372-023-01863-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2021.11.397"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41372-019-0394-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","first-page":"100330","article-title":"Survival of infants born at periviable gestation: The US national database","volume":"14","author":"Qattea I.","year":"2022","unstructured":"I. 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