{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T19:16:40Z","timestamp":1790882200962,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":99,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"39","content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sci. Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]]},"abstract":"\n Climate-sensitive northern cryosphere inland waters emit greenhouse gases (GHGs) into the atmosphere, yet their total emissions remain poorly constrained. We present a data-driven synthesis of GHG emissions from northern cryosphere inland waters considering water body types, cryosphere zones, and seasonality. We find that annual GHG emissions are dominated by carbon dioxide (\n \n \n \n \n 1149.2<\/mml:mn>\n 1004.8<\/mml:mn>\n 1307.5<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n teragrams of CO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n ;\n \n \n \n \n median<\/mml:mtext>\n \n Q<\/mml:mi>\n 1<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n Q<\/mml:mi>\n 3<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n ) and methane (\n \n \n \n \n 14.2<\/mml:mn>\n 10.1<\/mml:mn>\n 18.5<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n teragrams of CH\n 4<\/jats:sub>\n ), while the nitrous oxide emission (\n \n \n \n \n 5.4<\/mml:mn>\n \n \u2212<\/mml:mo>\n 1.4<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n 12.2<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n gigagrams of N\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n O) is minor. The annual CO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n \u2013equivalent (CO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n e) GHG emissions from northern cryosphere inland waters total\n \n \n \n \n 1.5<\/mml:mn>\n 1.3<\/mml:mn>\n 1.8<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n or\n \n \n \n \n 2.3<\/mml:mn>\n 1.8<\/mml:mn>\n 2.8<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n petagrams of CO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n e using the 100- or 20-year global warming potentials, respectively. Rivers emit 64% more CO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n e GHGs than lakes, despite having only one-fifth of their surface area. The continuous permafrost zone contributed half of the inland water GHG emissions. Annual CO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n e emissions from northern cryosphere inland waters exceed the region\u2019s terrestrial net ecosystem exchange, highlighting the important role of inland waters in the cryospheric land-aquatic continuum under a warming climate.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adp0024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]],"date-time":"2024-09-27T13:59:07Z","timestamp":1727445547000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Inland water greenhouse gas emissions offset the terrestrial carbon sink in the northern cryosphere"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3627-2350","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chunlin","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Water Resource and Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 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Research, Yangtze Delta Estuarine Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5787-5682","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Judith A.","family":"Rosentreter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Coastal Biogeochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2737-0530","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangyang","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics 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