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Here, we measured dendritic signals from individual sON\u03b1 RGCs at different retinal locations. We measured both postsynaptic Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    signals at dendrites and presynaptic glutamate signals from bipolar cells (BCs). We found that temporal sON\u03b1 RGCs exhibit, in addition to sustained-ON signals with only weak surrounds, signals with strong surround suppression, which were not present in nasal sON\u03b1 RGCs. This difference was also present in the presynaptic inputs from BCs. Last, using population models in an encoder-decoder paradigm, we showed that these adaptations might be beneficial for detecting crickets in hunting behavior.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adp7075","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T13:58:36Z","timestamp":1745416716000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Task-specific regional circuit adaptations in distinct mouse retinal ganglion cells"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8919-1445","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jonathan","family":"Oesterle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Ophthalmic Research, University of T\u00fcbingen, T\u00fcbingen, Germany."},{"name":"Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of T\u00fcbingen, T\u00fcbingen, Germany."},{"name":"Hertie Institute for AI in Brain Health, University of T\u00fcbingen, T\u00fcbingen, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5066-9393","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yanli","family":"Ran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Ophthalmic Research, University of T\u00fcbingen, T\u00fcbingen, Germany."},{"name":"Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Stahr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Neurobiology of Behavior, Bonn, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9459-883X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jason N. 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