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Notably, under a strong negative gate electric field applied to the Pt\/Co\/Pt spin-orbit device, the damping-like spin-orbit torque is markedly enhanced over sixfold compared with the applied positive gate electric field. We show that the gate modulation of the spin-orbit torque in the Pt\/Co\/Pt spin-orbit device can be explained by considering the change of the spin-charge interconversion by electric gating. This research serves as a promising avenue for electrically programmable spintronic devices.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adr0457","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T14:00:13Z","timestamp":1742392813000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Electrically switchable ON-OFF spin-orbit torque in an ionic-gated metallic trilayer"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2557-0467","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Soobeom","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Chemistry, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea."},{"name":"Basic Science Research Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu 42988, Republic of 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