{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T11:37:27Z","timestamp":1788003447177,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"22","content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sci. Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Wars have profound effects on well-being, but what about the ending of war? This study investigates this topic using representative samples of 4127 Afghans living through the latter stages of the War in Afghanistan and its aftermath. We find that the life satisfaction of Afghans dropped significantly following the conclusion of the War in Afghanistan in 2022, with two-thirds reporting a life satisfaction rating of 0 or 1 on a 0-to-10\u2013point scale. When compared to data from two international well-being datasets together covering more than 170 countries between 1946 and 2022, the mean life satisfaction score in Afghanistan following the Taliban regaining power (\n            <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M<\/jats:italic>\n            \u00a0=\u00a01.28) is the lowest ever recorded. The mean hope score in the country also dropped to a critically low level (\n            <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M<\/jats:italic>\n            \u00a0=\u00a01.02) in 2022. Wars are devastating, but the conclusion of war can appear worse from the perspectives of civilians despite the de-escalation of physical violence.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.ads4156","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]],"date-time":"2025-05-28T17:58:47Z","timestamp":1748455127000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Epilogue to the war: Afghanistan reports the lowest well-being in recorded history"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7671-3283","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Levi D.","family":"Stutzman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G3, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7652-6450","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Phyllis","family":"Lun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G3, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G3, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8200-0060","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kenith","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G3, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7826-7405","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Felix","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G3, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12232-012-0146-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)30934-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)33160-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10902-013-9444-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1089-2680.9.2.111"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41562-018-0307-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17439760.2019.1689421"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0022575"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15298868.2010.503130"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/josi.12481"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X0999152X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jogss\/ogz031"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09692290.2022.2131597"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X20001685"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0032089"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","unstructured":"United Nations General Assembly Security Council \u201cPeacebuilding and sustaining peace: Report of the Secretary-General\u201d (United Nations General Assembly Security Council 2022); www.un.org\/peacebuilding\/sites\/www.un.org.peacebuilding\/files\/documents\/sg_report.peacebuilding_and_sustaining_peace.a.76.668-s.2022.66.corrected.e.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","first-page":"158","article-title":"Self-anchoring scaling: A measure of individuals\u2019 unique reality worlds","volume":"16","author":"Kilpatrick F. 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