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Inspired by this, bioactive hydrogels (Hep@Gel) composed of collagen-derived gelatins and highly anionic heparin were constructed for scarless corneal repair. Hep@Gel resembled the barrier function of the EBM regarding surface-confined binding, long-time sequestration, and progressive degradation of IL-1, TGF-\u03b2, and PDGF-BB, which robustly inhibited the apoptosis and myofibroblast transition of keratocytes. Animal models of rabbits and nonhuman primates confirmed that Hep@Gel effectively limited the influx of inflammatory and fibrotic cytokines from the epithelium into the stroma to down-regulate the wound healing cascade, contributing to better vision quality with 73% reduced fibrosis. Hep@Gel offers a solution for preventing corneal injury\u2013induced scarring and substituting for lamellar keratoplasty to remove scarring.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adt1643","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]],"date-time":"2024-12-18T18:58:47Z","timestamp":1734548327000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Biologically inspired bioactive hydrogels for scarless corneal repair"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2514-2341","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jianan","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou 310009, P. R. 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