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Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Mass drug administration (MDA) with praziquantel is the cornerstone of schistosomiasis control and elimination efforts. To assess how long-term MDA affects parasite populations, we analyzed whole-genome sequence data from 570\u00a0\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Schistosoma mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n                    samples and the closely related\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Schistosoma rodhaini<\/jats:italic>\n                    across eight countries, combining new parasite material with publicly available sequence data. We observed a broad-scale genetic structure between countries alongside evidence of extensive long-distance transmission. Functional profiling of the recently identified transient receptor potential melastatin ion channel,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Sm.<\/jats:italic>\n                    TRPM\n                    <jats:sub>PZQ<\/jats:sub>\n                    , revealed four naturally occurring variants associated with reduced praziquantel sensitivity, indicating standing variation for resistance. Analyses of parasite infrapopulations collected from people pre\u2013 and post\u2013praziquantel treatment further identified instances of treatment failure, supporting the potential for praziquantel resistance. As schistosomiasis is targeted for elimination as a public health problem, with interruption of transmission in selected regions by 2030, our study provides a comprehensive genomic framework for endemic populations, highlights an approach to detect potential resistance, and endorses the development of precision surveillance and adaptive treatment strategies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adt3721","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T17:58:48Z","timestamp":1784311128000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Extensive parasite transmission and variation in a functional receptor associated with drug resistance in endemic\n                    <i>Schistosoma mansoni<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2017-6623","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Duncan J.","family":"Berger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3875-1227","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sang-Kyu","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2934-1063","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Thomas","family":"Crellen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, UK."},{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-4152-2550","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tushabe John","family":"Vianney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7036-5716","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Narcis B.","family":"Kabatereine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vector Borne &amp; 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