{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T12:31:00Z","timestamp":1777552260085,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"42","content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sci. Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Spermiogenesis, the final phrase of spermatogenesis, involves replacing histones by protamines, a process known as histone-to-protamine exchange, which is crucial for chromatin condensation. While this exchange is essential, the precise mechanisms remain incompletely understood. In this study, we discovered that the palmitoyltransferase ZDHHC19 functions as a key regulator of mouse spermiogenesis. Loss of\n            <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Zdhhc19<\/jats:italic>\n            leads to male infertility and abnormal sperm morphology.\n            <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Zdhhc19<\/jats:italic>\n            -deficient sperm exhibit impaired histone-to-protamine exchange, leading to retention of histones and misdistribution of protamines. Similarly, the palmitoyltransferase catalytic site mutant\n            <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Zdhhc19<\/jats:italic>\n            C142S knock-in mice show reduced fertility, sperm abnormalities, and histone retention. Mechanistically, ZDHHC19 mediates histone H3 palmitoylation at cysteine-110, weakening H3-H4 interactions and increasing chromatin accessibility. Palmitoylation of H3 facilitates histone-to-protamine exchange. This study highlights the essential role of ZDHHC19\u2019s palmitoyl-transferase activity in histone-to-protamine exchange during spermiogenesis and underscores the broader role of histone palmitoylation in chromatin remodeling.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adv5189","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T17:58:56Z","timestamp":1760723936000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Palmitoyltransferase ZDHHC19 regulates histone-to-protamine exchange during spermiogenesis in mice"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8452-3518","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jiaoyang","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to 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