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In two-dimensional superlattices, longer polymers or smaller nanooctahedra induce a transition from orientationally ordered to hexagonal rotator lattices. In three-dimensional superlattices, increasing polymer length drives transitions from Minkowski to body-centered cubic and plastic hexagonal close-packed phases, while higher grafting densities further enable transitions to simple hexagonal phases. Polymer brush and thermodynamic perturbation theories, supported by Monte Carlo simulations, uncover the entropic and enthalpic forces that govern these transitions. This work highlights the versatility of polymer-grafted anisotropic nanocrystals as building blocks for designing hierarchical superstructures and metamaterials with customizable properties.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adw2740","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]],"date-time":"2025-07-18T17:58:34Z","timestamp":1752861514000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Superstructural phase transitions in polymer-grafted nanooctahedra"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6961-8018","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Baixu","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, 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