{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T14:48:02Z","timestamp":1792507682622,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"37","content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sci. Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The locus coeruleus\u2013norepinephrine (LC-NE) system regulates arousal and awakening; however, it remains unclear whether the LC does this in a global or circuit-specific manner. We hypothesized that sensory-evoked awakenings are predominantly regulated by specific LC-NE efferent pathways. Anatomical, physiological, and functional modularities of LC-NE pathways involving the mouse basal forebrain (BF) and pontine reticular nucleus (PRN) were tested. We found partial anatomical segregation between the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">LC\u00a0\u2192\u00a0PRN<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">LC\u00a0\u2192\u00a0BF<\/jats:italic>\n                    circuits. Extracellular NE dynamics in BF and PRN exhibited distinct sound-evoked activation during sleep, including a fast sound-evoked NE peak specific to PRN. Causal optogenetic interrogation of LC efferent pathways, by retro-channelrhodopsin (ChR2) activation or Platynereis dumerilii ciliary opsin (PdCO) silencing of synapses in target regions, revealed a role for early\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">LC\u00a0\u2192\u00a0PRN<\/jats:italic>\n                    activity in driving arousal and sound-evoked awakenings. Together, our results uncover a role for early LC-NE\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">PRN<\/jats:italic>\n                    activity in connecting sensory and arousal pathways and establish LC heterogeneity in regulating arousal.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adw6375","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]],"date-time":"2025-09-10T18:01:02Z","timestamp":1757527262000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["An early surge of norepinephrine along brainstem pathways drives sensory-evoked awakening"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3269-4089","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Noa","family":"Matosevich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel."},{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Gray Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noa","family":"Regev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Gray Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8419-5985","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Uddi","family":"Kimchy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel."},{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Gray Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6176-0350","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Noam","family":"Zelinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel."},{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Gray Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4247-5799","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sina","family":"Kabaha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-3632-3962","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Noam","family":"Gabay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel."},{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Gray Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9583-4096","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Amit","family":"Marmelshtein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel."},{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Gray Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel."},{"name":"Institute for Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79108 Freiburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5433-6349","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yuval","family":"Nir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel."},{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Gray Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel."},{"name":"Sagol Brain Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel."},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel."},{"name":"The Sieratzki-Sagol Center for Sleep Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0060216"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21769\/BioProtoc.2174"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2017.08.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0061-13.2013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06203-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.02.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","first-page":"467","article-title":"Sleep stages and EEG power spectrum in relation to acoustical stimulus arousal threshold in the rat","volume":"16","author":"Neckelmann D.","year":"1993","unstructured":"D. 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