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Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is generally resistant to conventional immunotherapies due to its immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). We combine an innate cell\u2013enriched product activated by interleukin-2 (IL-2) and zoledronic acid (ZA) (ICP\n                    <jats:sup>IL2ZA<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) with low-dose radiotherapy (RT) and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to overcome this immunosuppressive TME. ICP\n                    <jats:sup>IL2ZA<\/jats:sup>\n                    is composed of natural killer (NK) cell\u2013 and monocyte-enriched immune cells, activated ex vivo with IL-2 and ZA. ICP\n                    <jats:sup>IL2ZA<\/jats:sup>\n                    with RT and mAbs promotes antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and phagocytosis against PDAC. In murine models of PDAC, RT and mAb combined with ICP\n                    <jats:sup>IL2ZA<\/jats:sup>\n                    derived from either murine or healthy human donors controlled tumor growth. RT amplifies ICP\n                    <jats:sup>IL2ZA<\/jats:sup>\n                    effectiveness by inducing NKG2D ligands on tumor cells, facilitating immune infiltration that leads to tumor growth control and extends survival without apparent toxicity. These results suggest that ICP\n                    <jats:sup>IL2ZA<\/jats:sup>\n                    can overcome limitations of traditional therapies by augmenting antitumor capabilities of endogenous immune cells, highlighting a promising autologous strategy for PDAC and other immunologically \u201ccold\u201d tumors.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adx2984","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]],"date-time":"2025-12-05T18:58:31Z","timestamp":1764961111000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Combined innate immune cell therapy, tumor-specific antibody, and radiation prompt antitumor response in pancreatic cancer models"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1965-9836","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Md Mahfuzur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Oncology, 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