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Thalamocortical input was initially balanced between CTs and ETs but shifted to CT-dominant 1 day post-NIHL and then normalized by day 7. This transient shift was accompanied by increased quantal size and suprathreshold excitability in CTs, with minimal changes in ETs. In vivo, CTs exhibited persistent elevation in sound intensity thresholds, while ETs showed a transient shift in frequency tuning and reduced high-frequency responsiveness that recovered within a week. These findings reveal distinct, cell type\u2013specific plasticity mechanisms in deep-layer ACtx neurons following peripheral damage and highlight potential targets for treating hearing loss\u2013related disorders such as tinnitus and hyperacusis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adx9737","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]],"date-time":"2025-09-19T17:58:44Z","timestamp":1758304724000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Cell type\u2013specific plasticity in synaptic, intrinsic, and sound response properties of deep-layer cortical neurons after noise trauma"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0001-6253","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yanjun","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA."},{"name":"Pittsburgh Hearing Research Center, 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