{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T10:54:41Z","timestamp":1789728881419,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"34","content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sci. Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Craniosynostosis is a common birth defect affecting 1 of the 2200 live births causing severe skull and cognitive defects, due to premature cranial suture fusion. The current surgical treatments require invasive calvaria vault remodeling and cranial bone resection in the baby. We demonstrate that inhibition of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">miR-200a<\/jats:italic>\n                    in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">PMIS\u2013miR-200a<\/jats:italic>\n                    mice results in coronal suture fusion (craniosynostosis). Therefore, we use overexpression of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">miR-200a<\/jats:italic>\n                    to prevent suture fusion in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Twist1<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutant mice, a well-known model for craniosynostosis. We developed a PEGylated-peptide nanoparticle system to deliver plasmid DNA expressing\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">miR-200a<\/jats:italic>\n                    directly to the sutures of postnatal day 4 (P4)\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Twist1<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutant mice before suture fusion. Injection of the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">miR-200a<\/jats:italic>\n                    nanoparticles under the scalp before suture fusion at P7 to P10 inhibited suture fusion. Treatments increased Gli1- and Six2-positive suture stem cells and the thickness of the periosteum layer. The treated\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                      Twist1\n                      <jats:sup>+\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    mice increased body weight and were alert and active. We demonstrate an effective noninvasive gene therapy treatment for craniosynostosis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adx9763","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T17:58:56Z","timestamp":1755885536000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Inhibition of craniosynostosis and premature suture fusion in\n                    <i>Twist1<\/i>\n                    mutant mice with RNA nanoparticle gene therapy"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9169-9471","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Samuel","family":"Swearson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA."},{"name":"Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steve","family":"Eliason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA."},{"name":"Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5661-6774","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dan","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin G.","family":"Rice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6524-1006","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Brad A.","family":"Amendt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA."},{"name":"Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242."},{"name":"College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.32208","article-title":"A population-based study of craniosynostosis in metropolitan Atlanta, 1989\u20132003","volume":"146","author":"Boulet S. 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