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Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), direct dipole-dipole interactions between paramagnetic metal centers and water molecules govern the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    relaxation of contrast agents. Metal chelates featuring multiple unpaired electrons have long dominated MRI contrast agents. Despite theoretically offering more paramagnetic centers per probe, nanoparticle-based contrast agents have struggled because of the insufficient direct dipolar interactions with water, impeding their clinical adoption. Here, we present an electrophilicity-engineered magnetic sensor (EEMS), which leverages high-electronegativity metal atoms to enhance the electrophilicity of paramagnetic centers in nanosensors, enabling direct electrophilic catalytic dipolar interactions (ECD) with water for enhanced MRI. EEMS demonstrates robust\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    contrast with a longitudinal relaxivity of 23.2\u00a0per millimolar per second at 9\u00a0tesla, visualizing tumor cell clusters as small as 68.5\u00a0micrometer in vivo. ECD-MRI allows detecting and precise resection of axillary lymph nodes containing dormant tumor cell clusters, achieving 100% survival in mice 100 days postsurgery. EEMS-enhanced ECD-MRI presents a transformative imaging principle for noninvasive visualization of previously undetectable biological entities.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aea5236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T18:58:16Z","timestamp":1769799496000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["An electrophilicity-engineered magnetic sensor for MRI detection of dormant tumor cell clusters"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6887-8602","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zeyu","family":"Liang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Synergistic Chem-Bio Synthesis, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Zhang Jiang Institute for Advanced Study, National Engineering 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