{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T02:23:56Z","timestamp":1785205436024,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"20","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82401755"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82401755"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U2202211"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U2202211"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82471517"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82471517"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2024QH204"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2024QH204"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF","award":["GZC20240932"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GZC20240932"]}]},{"name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation General Funding Program","award":["2025M772673"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025M772673"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sci. Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The brain encodes peripheral inflammatory signals, but the regulatory mechanism by which the brain controls gastric inflammation remains unclear. This study reveals a circuit through which Fos-positive neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) regulate gastritis via a PVN\u2013dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus\u2013stomach neural circuit and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Using activity-dependent genetic labeling, chemogenetics, and optogenetics, we demonstrate that Fos\n                    <jats:sup>PVN<\/jats:sup>\n                    neurons are essential for gastritis progression and can be activated by stress to drive chronic inflammation. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) revealed up-regulation of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide\u2013gated channel 1 (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Hcn1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) in Fos\n                    <jats:sup>PVN<\/jats:sup>\n                    neurons during gastritis. Inhibiting Hcn1 reduced neuronal excitability and ameliorated gastric pathology. Crucially, repeated activation of Fos\n                    <jats:sup>PVN<\/jats:sup>\n                    neurons forms a specific \u201cinflammatory sensitization,\u201d leading to the persistence of disease, whereas stress can exacerbate gastric inflammation through these Fos\n                    <jats:sup>PVN<\/jats:sup>\n                    neurons. Our findings elucidate the central neural mechanisms encoding gastric inflammation and identify Hcn1 as a potential therapeutic target for neuromodulatory treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aeb6961","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T17:59:07Z","timestamp":1778867947000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Hcn1-dependent engram neurons in the PVN encode gastric inflammatory sensitization"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1280-8069","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"E","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Shandong University School of Basic Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 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Shandong University School of Basic Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaqi","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Shandong University School of Basic Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanan","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Shandong University School of Basic Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenyu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Shandong University School of Basic Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhanpeng","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Shandong 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