{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T08:56:20Z","timestamp":1790672180261,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"33","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AI143768"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AI143768"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["F32 AI188687"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F32 AI188687"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100031064","name":"Hypothesis Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100031064","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sci. Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Spatiotemporal environmental variation results in marked heterogeneity in bacterial infection progression and disease outcome, with vital consequences for treatment success. For the globally important pathogen\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                    (Mtb), while the pronounced intra-host spatial heterogeneity in lesion immune cell composition and phenotype has been well-described, the highly complex Mtb cell envelope has presented a particular challenge for the required equivalent insight into bacterial heterogeneity. Here, we develop hybridization chain reaction-fluorescence in situ hybridization (HCR-FISH)-based methodology for Mtb mRNA visualization in the context of intact lung and lesion architecture. In combination with an Mtb transcriptional\/translational activity reporter, we reveal spatiotemporal differences in gene expression relating to Mtb lipid metabolism, response to key environmental signals, and the ESX-1 type VII secretion system. Our results establish a framework for in situ analysis of Mtb mRNA, opening the path to elucidating critical bacterial drivers that underlie the marked heterogeneity in Mtb-host interactions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aeb8377","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T18:01:07Z","timestamp":1786557667000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Direct bacterial transcript visualization illuminates spatiotemporal environmental adaptation of\n                    <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/i>\n                    in the lung"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2865-0238","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Anna-Lisa E.","family":"Lawrence","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1093-2576","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shumin","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2001.02500.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/gmic.26944"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1011143"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2006.05290.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a018424","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a018424","article-title":"Innate and adaptive cellular immune responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection","volume":"5","author":"Mayer-Barber K. 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