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Aspen Plus simulations show that this shift in reaction route creates a syngas self-sufficient system in which propylene formation, CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    utilization, and hydroformylation become directly coupled. The integrated cascade enhances carbon-utilization efficiency, eliminates external CO procurement, and substantially reduces total production costs compared with PDH-HF. Life-cycle assessment further indicates ~42% lower greenhouse-gas emissions per kilogram of aldehyde produced, without triggering economic-environmental trade-offs. Sensitivity analyses reveal strong robustness against fluctuations in the feed price of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) containing propane compounds, CO cost, and hydroformylation catalyst loss. By restructuring underlying reaction pathways and carbon flows, the CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    -ODH-HF cascade establishes a scalable and carbon-efficient route for propane upgrading and aldehyde synthesis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aec6721","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T18:00:55Z","timestamp":1783533655000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["CO\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    -assisted dehydrogenation-hydroformylation cascade enables syngas self-sufficiency and carbon-efficient propane upgrading"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8846-3393","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kaige","family":"Tian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical Engineering &amp; Technology, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemical Science &amp; 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