{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T19:32:29Z","timestamp":1783539149152,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"28","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U2032157"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U2032157"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National key R&D program of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2024YFB3815302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024YFB3815302"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sci. Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Oxygen-ion conductors are central to clean energy technologies. Conventional long-range\u2013ordered oxide-ion conductors require high operating temperatures, which increase cost and limit durability; overcoming the low temperature conductivity gap is a long-standing challenge. We created cerium (Ce)\u2013gadolinium (Gd)\u2013oxygen (O) clusters by thermal-shock exfoliation of fluorite Gd\n                    <jats:sub>0.1<\/jats:sub>\n                    Ce\n                    <jats:sub>0.9<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>1.95<\/jats:sub>\n                    and examined their structure and ion transport. These disordered, vacancy-isolated clusters form percolative oxygen-ion pathways without long-range order, delivering exceptional conductivity of 2.14\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.09 siemens per centimeter at 400\u00b0C\u2014more than 320-fold higher than most previously reported oxide-ion conductors under comparable conditions. Used as a 0.5 weight % cathode additive in solid oxide fuel cells, they tripled the peak power density to 2.87\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.04 watts per square centimeter at 750\u00b0C compared with the pristine Pr\n                    <jats:sub>0.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    Ba\n                    <jats:sub>0.25<\/jats:sub>\n                    Ca\n                    <jats:sub>0.25<\/jats:sub>\n                    CoO\n                    <jats:sub>3\u2013\u03b4<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/Gd\n                    <jats:sub>0.1<\/jats:sub>\n                    Ce\n                    <jats:sub>0.9<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>1.95<\/jats:sub>\n                    cathode and reversed degradation from \u221213.2 to +3.4% per 100 hours. These findings overturn the paradigm that high oxygen-ion conductivity requires long-range order and highlight Ce-Gd-O clusters as enablers for advanced energy technologies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aec8053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T18:00:55Z","timestamp":1783533655000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Disordered vacancy-isolated Ce-Gd-O clusters achieve exceptional low-temperature oxygen-ion conductivity for fuel cells"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9445-5628","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shengli","family":"Pang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, China."},{"name":"Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xudong","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Lou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaijie","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, China."},{"name":"College of Mechanical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4354-6815","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jintong","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Zhuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuyao","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lianxu","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiangsheng","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, 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USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-59563-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-57856-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adu4531"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41560-024-01536-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41560-023-01350-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-43725-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-20859-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","first-page":"11235","article-title":"High conductivity and diffusion mechanism of oxide ions in triple fluorite-like layers of oxyhalides","volume":"146","author":"Ueno N.","year":"2024","unstructured":"N. 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