{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T18:54:44Z","timestamp":1790794484690,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":156,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"40","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IOS 2426305"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IOS 2426305"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000015","name":"U.S. Department of Energy","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DE-AC02-05CH11231"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DE-AC02-05CH11231"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000015","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000936","name":"Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GBMF3811"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GBMF3811"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000936","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005825","name":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["7002782"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7002782"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005825","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018694","name":"Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PIEF558 GA-2011-301027 CARISYM"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PIEF558 GA-2011-301027 CARISYM"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018694","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Max Planck Gesellschaft"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EXC-2077 - 39074603"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EXC-2077 - 39074603"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GR 5028\/1-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GR 5028\/1-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sci. Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Many animals benefit from microbial symbionts that aid digestion, supply essential nutrients, or provide defense. When this dependence becomes obligate, as in gutless marine oligochaetes that have lost both digestive and excretory systems and rely entirely on their bacterial partners for nutrition and recycling of waste compounds, it would seem to constrain ecological and evolutionary flexibility. Yet, these worms are globally distributed and thrive across diverse environments. To investigate how stability and adaptability coexist in such obligate symbioses, we combined global sampling with high-resolution phylogenomic analyses of 246 individuals from 63 species across 17 marine sites. Ancestral reconstructions revealed that the chemoautotrophic primary symbiont \u201c\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Candidatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    Thiosymbion\u201d was acquired early and persistently maintained, whereas additional partners were repeatedly gained through convergent evolution, expanding metabolic potential. Symbiont communities were highly consistent within host species, but this stability dissolved rapidly as hosts diverged, with communities reshaping rapidly across short macroevolutionary timescales. Even the primary symbiont \u201c\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Ca<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Thiosymbion\u201d showed low fidelity and occasional displacement, a sharp contrast to other multipartite symbioses, where core partners persist unchanged for hundreds of millions of years. Thus, gutless oligochaetes illustrate how long-term stability at microevolutionary scales can coexist with rapid reshaping at macroevolutionary scales in multipartite symbioses. More broadly, this pattern demonstrates how the paradox of stability through flexibility may underpin the persistence and diversification of complex symbioses across deep time.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aed1476","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T17:58:26Z","timestamp":1790791106000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Stability in flexibility: Shifting alliances stabilize the symbioses of marine animals over 150 million years"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4173-4847","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Anna","family":"Mankowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany."},{"name":"Molecular Systems Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6904-0287","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Manuel","family":"Kleiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9251-4046","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Christer","family":"Ers\u00e9us","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7375-3749","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nikolaus","family":"Leisch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany."},{"name":"Mobile Laboratories Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6895-4677","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yui","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany."},{"name":"College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8716-2728","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jean-Marie","family":"Volland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA."},{"name":"Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7165-1714","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bruno","family":"Huettel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Genome Centre Cologne, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Wentrup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9485-5637","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tanja","family":"Woyke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA."},{"name":"Life and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliane","family":"Wippler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9394-825X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nicole","family":"Dubilier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5819-1549","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Harald R.","family":"Gruber-Vodicka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany."},{"name":"Zoological Institute, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature18846"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1105347108"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.213.4505.340"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.02077-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2011.06.051"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","first-page":"20190065","article-title":"Match and mismatch between dietary switches and microbial partners in plant sap-feeding insects","volume":"286","author":"Bell-Roberts L.","year":"2019","unstructured":"L. Bell-Roberts, A. E. Douglas, G. D. A. Werner, Match and mismatch between dietary switches and microbial partners in plant sap-feeding insects. Proc. Biol. Sci. 286, 20190065 (2019).","journal-title":"Proc. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3182"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41396-022-01268-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-16687-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.03.053"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0907926106"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","first-page":"103","article-title":"Symbioses between marine nematodes and sulfur-oxidizing chemoautotrophic bacteria","volume":"36","author":"Ott J.","year":"2004","unstructured":"J. Ott, M. Bright, S. Bulgheresi, Symbioses between marine nematodes and sulfur-oxidizing chemoautotrophic bacteria. Symbiosis 36, 103\u2013126 (2004).","journal-title":"Symbiosis"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-2920.2009.02129.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmicrobiol.2016.195"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-micro-091313-103654"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.02131-22"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1078\/0944-2006-00104"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1095733"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.02376-19"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2004.12.084"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00227-003-1285-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1818995116"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msab347"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1420-9101.2010.02114.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/383541"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1461-0248.2011.01697.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2000.1314"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3113.2012.00647.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1008935"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-019-0572-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/BBLv223n1p123"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01527-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2016.148"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2006.03071.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mSystems.00164-16"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/msphere.00694-20"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-022-01372-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2018.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.14449"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-32684-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41437-018-0059-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.2000225"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1002587"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-07275-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep38770"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/msystems.01342-20"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01348-18"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41396-020-0671-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2006.03219.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.15391"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2018.01.035"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1304960110"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02513-19"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41559-023-02116-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41559-022-01712-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35077067"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02267-17"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/meps178271"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.61.6.2346-2350.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-2920.2008.01728.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.71.3.1553-1561.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02441-05"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05192"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_65_2","unstructured":"WoRMS Editorial Board World Register of Marine Species (VLIZ 2025); https:\/\/marinespecies.org [accessed 16 October 2025]."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/zsc.12426"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.12912"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1121198109"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.13554"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10750-005-1712-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00392801"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_72_2","unstructured":"M. P. Schimak \u201cTransmission of bacterial symbionts in the gutless oligochaete Olavius algarvensis \u201d thesis University of Bremen Bremen Germany (2015)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_73_2","unstructured":"J. Krieger \u201cFunktion und \u00dcbertragung endosymbiontischer Bakterien bei darmlosen marinen Oligochaeten \u201d thesis University of Hamburg Hamburg Germany (2000)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0409034102"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/445153a"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1209728"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7007-6-43"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1992"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01112-19"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-38500-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.16285"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s42523-021-00094-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ele.13757"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.3893"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-07641-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2262"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/femsle\/fnz013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.23635.2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/g05-082"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms242115836"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1744-7917.12083"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_92_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/een.12379"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_93_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msv077"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_94_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0605772103"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_95_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1402476111"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_96_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2670"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_97_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gbe\/evs014"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_98_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mmbr.00080-23"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_99_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2024.0454"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_100_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.854355"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_101_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2019.03.032"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_102_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1421388112"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_103_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1400457111"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_104_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2006.06.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_105_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1461-0248.2010.01538.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_106_2","first-page":"529","article-title":"Evolution of the tripartite symbiosis between earthworms, Verminephrobacter and Flexibacter-like bacteria","volume":"6","author":"M\u00f8ller P.","year":"2015","unstructured":"P. M\u00f8ller, M. B. Lund, A. Schramm, Evolution of the tripartite symbiosis between earthworms, Verminephrobacter and Flexibacter-like bacteria. Front. Microbiol. 6, 529 (2015).","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_107_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2014.00128"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_108_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1722325115"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_109_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-44636-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_110_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.1600513"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_111_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2008.16"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_112_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.72.1.769-775.2006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_113_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gks1219"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_114_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkt1209"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_115_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cmb.2012.0021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_116_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mSystems.00920-20"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_117_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gki198"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_118_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/mst010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_119_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkf436"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_120_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts199"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_121_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msu300"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_122_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.4285"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_123_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btl529"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_124_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btg412"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_125_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.2584"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_126_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btr381"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_127_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3330"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_128_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/29.1.137"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_129_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2011-12-5-r44"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_130_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0061217"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_131_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21105\/joss.01686"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_132_2","first-page":"209","article-title":"The detection of disease clustering and a generalized regression approach","volume":"27","author":"Mantel N.","year":"1967","unstructured":"N. Mantel, The detection of disease clustering and a generalized regression approach. Cancer Res. 27, 209\u2013220 (1967).","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_133_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"The igraph software package for complex network research","volume":"1695","author":"Csardi G.","year":"2006","unstructured":"G. Csardi, T. Nepusz, The igraph software package for complex network research. InterJournal Complex Syst. 1695, 1\u20139 (2006).","journal-title":"InterJournal Complex Syst."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_134_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-023-01940-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_135_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkh152"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_136_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-020-0501-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_137_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.4229"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_138_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btz848"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_139_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkab776"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_140_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-16366-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_141_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.3176"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_142_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0009490"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_143_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. Verdes P. Alvarez-Campos A. Nygren G. S. Martin G. Rouse D. D. Deheyn D. F. Gruber M. Holford Molecular phylogeny of odontosyllis (Annelida Syllidae): A recent and rapid radiation of marine bioluminescent worms. bioRxiv 241570 [Preprint] (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/241570.","DOI":"10.1101\/241570"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_144_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12862-017-0973-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_145_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1003537"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_146_2","first-page":"msac037","article-title":"Host-adaptation in Legionellales Is 2.4 Ga, coincident with eukaryogenesis","volume":"39","author":"Hugoson E.","year":"2020","unstructured":"E. Hugoson, A. Guliaev, T. Ammun\u00e9t, L. Guy, Host-adaptation in Legionellales Is 2.4 Ga, coincident with eukaryogenesis. Mol Ecol. Evol. 39, msac037 (2020).","journal-title":"Mol Ecol. Evol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_147_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msz131"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_148_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btp348"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_149_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msw046"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_150_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msad041"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_151_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D. C. Jeffares B. Tomiczek V. Sojo M. dos Reis in Parasite Genomics Protocols C. Peacock Ed. (Springer 2015) pp. 65\u201390.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-1438-8_4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_152_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-021-01213-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_153_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btu153"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_154_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2014.208"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_155_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/28.1.27"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_156_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tplants.2019.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_157_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1534\/g3.117.300257"}],"container-title":["Science Advances"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/sciadv.aed1476","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T17:59:32Z","timestamp":1790791172000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/sciadv.aed1476"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]]},"references-count":156,"journal-issue":{"issue":"40","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/sciadv.aed1476"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.aed1476","relation":{},"ISSN":["2375-2548"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2375-2548","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-10-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-26","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-30","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"eaed1476"}}