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Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) concentration could enhance forest carbon (C) uptake, but nitrogen (N) is thought to progressively constrain this effect. Yet, significant biomass gains were demonstrated in a mature oak forest after 6 years of Free Air CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    Enrichment. This study investigates whether changes in soil N fluxes explain these gains. We show that enhanced N mineralization and ecosystem N conservation support increased productivity under elevated CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    (eCO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ). In situ net and gross N ammonification was enhanced by \u223c30%, with a pronounced effect at oak budburst. Higher N ammonification rates were associated with increases in both fine root biomass and soil respiration. Gross nitrification was reduced, revealing a faster-yet-tighter cycle facilitated by plant-soil interactions. Hence, forest N cycling can adapt to support C uptake under eCO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    , but in the longer term, this capacity may be constrained by soil-accessible organic N stocks and reductions in anthropogenic N deposition.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aed2732","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T17:59:11Z","timestamp":1785347951000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Faster-and-tighter nitrogen cycle supports mature forest productivity under elevated CO\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7731-6247","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Manon","family":"Rumeau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Birmingham Institute of Forest Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK."},{"name":"School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7235-9264","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Carolina","family":"Mayoral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Birmingham Institute of Forest Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK."},{"name":"School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5925-154X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fotis","family":"Sgouridis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6335-1690","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michaela K.","family":"Reay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Organic Geochemistry Unit, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8726-4601","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yolima","family":"Carrillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment (HIE), Western Sydney University, Richmond, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0238-9828","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Richard J.","family":"Norby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Birmingham Institute of Forest Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK."},{"name":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2532-2236","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Liz","family":"Hamilton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Birmingham Institute of Forest Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK."},{"name":"School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9183-6617","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Iain P.","family":"Hartley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geography, Faculty of Science, Environment and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0476-4377","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gianni","family":"Micucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, McGill University, Montreal H3A 0C3, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3322-4487","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Emma","family":"Sayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Botany, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany."},{"name":"Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. 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